稻秸添加对两种水稻土产甲烷古菌及细菌的影响  

Effects of Rice Straw Addition on Methanogenic Archaea and Bacteria in Two Paddy Soils

作　　者：保琼莉[1] 王凤花 保万魁[3] 黄益宗[1] BAO Qiong-li;WANG Feng-hua;BAO Wan-kui;HUANG Yi-zong(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture,Tianjing 300191,China;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 100101,China;Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,石家庄100101 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《环境科学》2019年第9期4202-4212,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41807334);天津市自然科学基金青年项目(16JCQNJC08100);农业部环境保护科研监测所基本科研业务费专项(2018-jbkyywfbql)

摘　　要：稻秸还田对水稻土CH4排放有重要影响.本研究通过微宇宙厌氧培养,研究了两种水稻土[江西(JX)和广东雷州半岛(GD)]在稻秸(RS)添加条件下经相对较长时间的厌氧培养后产甲烷古菌及细菌菌群的响应.结果表明,不同RS添加量对JX水稻土产甲烷古菌群落结构有一定的影响,而对GD水稻土产甲烷古菌群落的影响不大.RS添加量与mcrA基因拷贝数之间存在显著正相关关系,JX水稻土的mcrA基因拷贝数变化对RS添加量的响应更敏感.相同RS添加条件下,JX水稻土mcrA基因拷贝数大于GD水稻土.相同稻秸量添加条件下两种水稻土的产甲烷古菌群落结构也有差异.JX水稻土共检测到的产甲烷古菌有Methanosarcinaceae、Methanocellaceae、Methanomicrobiaceae、Methanobacteriaceae以及未知菌群(494bp).GD水稻土中仅有3大类产甲烷古菌,分别为Methanobacteriaceae、Methanosarcinaceae和Methanocellaceae.对2%RS处理培养第270d的细菌菌群进行了测序,发现两种水稻土的细菌菌群明显不同,GD水稻土的细菌多样性高于JX水稻土,而其优势细菌数量(共有Longilinea、Acidobacteria/Gp6、Bellilinea及Thermosporothrix)低于JX水稻土(共有Bacillus、Desulfovirgula、Thermosporothrix、Acidobacteria/Gp1、Acidobacteria/Gp3及Ktedonobacter).RS作为底物促进产甲烷古菌的生长.不同类型的水稻土经相对较长时间的厌氧培养后其产甲烷古菌及细菌菌群结构也不同.Rice straw (RS) returning has an important effect on CH4 emission in rice paddy soil.In the present study,two paddy soil types from Jiangxi (JX) and Guangdong (GD),respectively,with different amounts of added RS were incubated through microcosmic anaerobic incubation experiments to investigate the responses of methanogenic archaea and bacteria communities after relatively longterm incubation.The different amounts of added RS affected methanogenic archaea community structures in the JX soil to some extent but did not affect the GD soil.The mcrA gene copy number increased with an increase in RS amount in both soils.Under the same amount of RS,the copy number of this gene in the JX soil was greater than that in the GD soil.In addition,significant positive correlations were shown between the RS amount and the copy number of the mcrA gene,and the response of the copy number was more sensitive to the RS amount in the JX soil.Obvious differences in methanogenic archaea community structures were shown between two soils.Methanosarcinaceae,Methanocellaceae,Methanomicrobiaceae,Methanobacteriaceae,and unknown microorganism (494 bp) were detected in the JX soil,and Methanobacteriaceae,Methanosarcinaceae,and Methanocellaceae were observed in the GD soil.The bacterial communities exhibited obvious differences between the two soil types after 180 days of incubation.The bacterial diversity in the GD soil was higher than that in the JX soil,although the amounts of dominant bacteria in the JX soil,including Bacillus, Desulfovirgula,Thermosporothrix,Acidobacteria/Gp1,Acidobacteria/Gp3,and Ktedonobacter,were higher than those of the GD soil, including Longilinea,Acidobacteria/Gp6,Bellilinea,and Thermosporothrix.RS application promoted the growth of methanogenic archaea as important substrates.Moreover,different structures of methanogens and bacteria were shown between the two soil types after relatively long-term incubation.

关 键 词：稻秸 水稻土 微宇宙厌氧培养 产甲烷古菌 细菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]