社会排斥的心理行为特征及其脑机制  

The psychological and behavior characteristics of social exclusion and its brain mechanisms

作　　者：彭苏浩 陶丹 冷玥 邓慧华[4] PENG Suhao;TAO Dan;LENG Yue;DENG Huihua(School of Biomedical Science and Medical Engineering, Nanjing 210096, China;Research Center for Learning Science, Nanjing 210096, China;Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210096, China;Institute of Child Development and Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学生物科学与医学工程学院,南京210096 [2]东南大学学习科学研究中心,南京210096 [3]东南大学儿童发展与学习科学教育部重点实验室,南京210096 [4]东南大学儿童发展与教育研究所,南京210096

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2019年第9期1656-1666,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500881);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20140621);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYZZ16_0125);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(3250187702,3250187301,224 2019s10024)

摘　　要：社会排斥损害个体基本的归属需要,对个体的心理和生理会造成严重影响。根据需要威胁时间模型,社会排斥后的心理和行为特征可以分为三个阶段。社交媒体的发展使社会排斥出现了新的心理和行为特征。近年来功能性磁共振成像研究发现,突显网络和默认网络等网络中的一些核心脑区都参与了社会排斥各阶段的情绪和认知加工过程。未来研究应以需要威胁时间模型为基础,以脑网络方法为手段,探索社会排斥神经机制,预测排斥后的心理和行为反应模式。Social exclusion impairs our basic needs of belongingness and has serious psychological and physiological effect on cognitive processes, emotional well-beings, physiological responses and behaviors. Under the framework of the temporal need-threat model, psychology and behavioral response to social exclusion can be divided into three stages. With the development of social media, new psychological and behavioral characteristics of social exclusion are presented. From the perspective of brain network, some key brain areas of default mode network, salience network and some other brain networks are involved in emotional and cognitive processes at each stage of social exclusion. Future studies should focus on the basis of temporal need-threat model to investigate the brain network of social exclusion and predict the psychological and physiological response patterns after social exclusion.

关 键 词：社会排斥 需要威胁时间模型 社交媒体 默认网络 突显网络 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]