抽动障碍儿童气质特征及父母养育方式的研究  

Study on Temperament Characteristics of Tic Disorder Children and Parental Rearing Style

作　　者：李平甘[1] 李栋方[1] 吴若豪 孙怡 何展文[1] 罗向阳[1] LI Pinggan;LI Dongfang;WU Ruohao;SUN Yi;HE Zhanwen;LUO Xiangyang(Department of Pediatrics,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院儿科

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2019年第17期94-97,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的探讨抽动障碍(Tic disorders,TD)儿童的气质特征及父母养育方式的特点,为完善TD儿童的临床诊疗思路提供参考依据。方法选择2018年9月-2019年6月到我院发育行为儿科门诊就诊的TD患儿及门诊体检的健康儿童各20例设为研究组及对照组。两组均填写艾森克个性问卷(Eysenck Personality Questionaire,EPQ)、父母养育方式量表(Egma Minnen av Bardndosnaupp for stran,EMBU)。结果研究组EPQ量表的N量表粗分及T分均分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组E、P、L量表粗分及T分均分经统计学处理,两者间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组EMBU量表中TD儿童的父亲"惩罚、严厉"、"偏爱被试"、"拒绝、否认"得分明显高于对照组(P<0.05),"情感温暖、理解"、"过分干涉"、"过度保护"得分两组之间无差异;母亲的"情感温暖、理解"、"拒绝、否认"、"惩罚、严厉"得分均明显高于对照组,"过分干涉、过度保护"、"偏爱被试"得分两组之间无差异。以是否患有TD为因变量,EPQ 4个维度因子和父母养育方式的11个因子为自变量进行Logistic回归分析,情绪稳定性(N),父亲在情感温暖、理解,惩罚、严厉,母亲在情感温暖方面均会影响TD儿童。结论TD儿童存在显著的气质特征。其父母较多采用惩罚、拒绝、否认的限制性教育方式。建议除了给予行为矫正、药物干预外,同时根据抽动症患儿的气质特点进行神经心理等治疗,在进行行为干预、药物治疗的同时,根据儿童的个性特征进行精神心理等综合治疗,并改进父母的教育方式,以提高TD儿童的疗效及生存质量。Objective To investigate the temperament characteristics of children with tic disorder(TD) and the characteristics of parental rearing methods, and to provide reference for improving the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TD children. Methods From September 2018 to June 2019, Twenty patients with TD and healthy children were selected as study group and control group. Both groups were filled with the Eysenck Personality Questionaire(EPQ) and the Egma Minnen av Bardndosnaupp for stran(EMBU). Results The scores of the crude and T scores of the N scale of the study group were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The crude and T scores of the E, P, and L scales of the two groups were statistically processed, and the difference was not significant(P > 0.05). The fathers in the study group’s EMBU scales "punished, severely","prefer to be tested","rejected, denied" were significantly higher than the control group(P < 0.05),"emotional warmth, understanding","excessive interference" were no difference between the two groups in the "overprotection" score;the mothers in the study group’s "emotional warmth, understanding","rejection, denial","punishment, severeness" scores were significantly higher than the control group,"excessive interference, excessive protection"," Partial preference for the participants" scored were no difference between the two groups. According to whether or not TD as the dependent variable, the four factors of EPQ and the eleven factors of parental rearing are the independent variables for logistic regression analysis, include emotional stability(N), father’s emotional warmth, understanding, punishment, severe, mother’s Emotional warmth may affect TD children. Conclusion TD children have significant temperament characteristics. Parents tend to use restrictive education methods of punishment, rejection, and denial. It is recommended that in addition to behavioral modification and drug intervention, neuropsychiatric treatment should

关 键 词：抽动障碍 气质特征 父母 养育方式 艾森克个性问卷 父母养育方式量表 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]