中国野生朝鲜越桔枝条蜡质组分及微观结构分析  

Analysis of Wax Components and Microstructure in Vaccinium koreanum Nakai of China

作　　者：徐国辉[1,3] 张明军 王贺新 娄鑫[1,3] 闫东玲 刘国玲[3] Xu Guohui;Zhang Mingjun;Wang Hexin;Lou Xin;Yan Dongling;Liu Guoling(Institute of Modern Agricultural Research,Dalian University,Dalian,116622;Life Science and Technology College,Dalian University,Dalian,116622;Dalian Senmao Modern Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Dalian,116112)

机构地区：[1]大连大学,现代农业研究院,大连116622 [2]大连大学生命科学与技术学院,大连116622 [3]大连森茂现代农业有限公司,大连116112

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第16期5454-5462,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：大连市高层次人才创新支持计划项目(2015R090);大连市科技计划项目(2015B11NC083);大连金州新区科技计划项目(XDNY-NYKJ-2015-001);辽宁省博士科研启动基金项目(20141120)共同资助

摘　　要：为明确中国野生朝鲜越桔枝条蜡质特征,本研究以朝鲜越桔(Vaccinium koreanum Nakai)为试验材料,‘蓝丰’栽培品种(Vaccinium corymbosum)为对照。采用扫描电镜技术(scanning electron microscopy, SEM)观察蜡质晶体微观结构,并利用气质联用色谱技术(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)测定两种材料蜡质组分和不同组分比例。SEM结果显示,朝鲜越桔有明显的蜡质层,晶体具倒伏片状和颗粒状不定型结构,分布不规则;‘蓝丰’则有极少量的倒伏片状蜡质晶体,且分布零散。GC-MS检测结果显示,朝鲜越桔含10种已知和少量未知成分,其蜡质组分为烃类、醇类、酰胺类、醛类、酚类、萜类、醚类、酯类、胺类、苯类、未知,所占比例分别为30%、23%、6%、2%、2%、9%、1%、2%、2%、6%、17%,碳原子共32种,分布在C8~C38之间;而对照材料‘蓝丰’只含有5种蜡质组分,具体为烃类、苯类、酯类、醇类和萜类,所占比例分别为73%、9%、9%、6%、3%,其中除烃类、苯类、酯类、醇类和萜类化合物为朝鲜越桔和‘蓝丰’共有外,酰胺类、醛类、酚类、醚类和胺类等化合物均为朝鲜越桔所特有,碳原子仅包括18种,分布在C9~C31之间。本研究表明中国野生朝鲜越桔枝条角质层具有明显的蜡质特征,这为该物种的合理开发与保护提供了理论依据,同时对于开发适宜北方区域抗寒、抗抽条且具有中国自主知识产权的蓝莓新品种也具有重要的科学意义。In order to clarify the wax characteristics in the branch of wild Vaccinium koreanum Nakai of China, in this study, we took Vaccinium koreanum Nakai as the experimental material,'Bluecrop' as control, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) technique for observing the microstructure of wax crystal, and GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) for measuring the wax composition and proportion of different components of the branch of these two kinds of Vaccinium. The results of SEM have been shown that Vaccinium koreanum Nakai has an apparent wax layer, wax crystals are lodging flake and uncertain particles, which are irregular distribution. However,'Bluecrop' has extremely few wax crystals scattered on the surface of the branch cuticle, wax crystals are lodging flake, which is distributed fragmentary and interspersed. The results of GC-MS have been shown that Vaccinium koreanum Nakai contains ten known and a little unknown wax composition. The different types of wax compositons are as follows, Hydrocarbons, Alcohols, Amides, Aldehydes, Phenols, Terpenoids, Ethers, Esters, Amines, Benzene, Unknown, and their proportions are respectively 30%, 23%, 6%, 2%, 2%, 9%, 1%, 2%, 2%, 6%, 17%, including thirty-two kinds of carbon atom, the range of carbon chain lengths is from C8 to C38. Nevertheless, the wax composition of 'Bluecrop' has only five known kinds. The different wax compositions are as follows, Hydrocarbons, Benzene, Esters, Alcohols and Terpenoids, and their proportions are respectively 73%, 9%, 9%, 6%, 3%. Hydrocarbons, Benzene, Ester, Alcohols and Terpenoids are contained in both two kinds of Vaccini-um, while components of Amides, Aldehydes, Phenols, Ethers and Amines are only contained in Vaccinium korea-num Nakai, only including 18 kinds of carbon atom, the range of carbon chain lengths is from C9 to C31. In summary, the wax characteristics in the branch cuticle of wild Vaccinium koreanum Nakai are more obvious than ‘Bluecrop'. This research provides a theoretical basis for reasonable development and protec

关 键 词：朝鲜越桔(Vaccinium koreanum Nakai) 蜡质晶体 蜡质组分 扫描电镜 GC-MS 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]