刑事证明标准层次性理论之适用问题研究——以《刑事诉讼法》第55条第2款之解释为视角  

Applying the Theory of Hierarchical Standard of Proof in Criminal Cases——An Interpretation on the Paragraph 2 in Article 55 of the Criminal Procedure Law

作　　者：孙远 Sun Yuan(School of Political Science and Law of China Socical Science Academy University)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学政法学院

出　　处：《法学家》2019年第5期59-73,193,共16页The Jurist

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“刑事证明标准层次性理论之适用问题研究”(17BFX065)的中期成果

摘　　要：现行《刑事诉讼法》第55条第2款有关证明标准的规定非常独特,因此,在解释论上对于证明标准这一概念的界定与使用不能完全沿袭西方学说。根据该款规定,应将刑事证明标准做广义与狭义之区分。狭义证明标准仅指认定某一事实的心证条件,而广义证明标准除心证条件之外,还包括该款所要求的实体条件和程序条件。以这一区分为基础,证明标准的层次性也包含显性层次与隐性层次两个方面。证明标准的显性层次是指因对不同性质的事实作不同心证程度的要求,从而形成的狭义证明标准之层次。证明标准的隐性层次则是指,在心证程度不变的情况下,因法律对该心证程度之形成所要求的法定程序在严格性上的差别,而形成的广义证明标准之层次。The standard of proof stipulated in paragraph 2 under Article 55 of the Criminal Procedure law has obvious Chinese characteristics.The interpretation of the concept of standard of proof in Chinese law,therefore,shall not follow the same approach as in the western countries.According to the provision,standard of proof can be distinguished in broad and narrow senses.A narrow notion of standard of proof is about the degree of a judge’s sense of certainty with the facts in issue,and the broader conceptualization also includes the substantive and procedural requirements.Based on this distinction,the meaning of standard of proof levels can be either dominant levels or recessive levels.The former refers to the different requirements of the degree of certainty demanded by criminal procedure law according to the nature of the fact in issue,which falls in the narrow sense of standard of proof.However,the latter refers to the different levels of broad sense of standard of proof as the consequence of different procedural requirements of the court investigation on facts in issue.

关 键 词：证明标准 实体条件 程序条件 心证条件 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]