客体和空间工作记忆中三维图形的特征加工时程  

Time Course of Feature Processing for 3-D Graphics in Object and Spatial Working Memory

作　　者：吴文春 陈嘉倩 刘昌 WU Wenchun;CHEN Jiaqian;LIU Chang(School of Education Science,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou 521041;School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院教育科学学院,潮州521041 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2019年第5期513-521,共9页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学“十二五”规划项目(GD14XXL03)

摘　　要：采用单探测变化觉察范式,对三维图形的特征在客体和空间工作记忆中的加工时程进行了探讨.实验一的材料是由不同颜色和形状组成的规则立体图形.实验二的材料是由不同颜色和图案组成的六棱柱.实验结果显示:(1)客体和空间工作记忆绩效均随识记项目数的增加而显著下降;(2)随着刺激呈现时间的延长,客体工作记忆绩效显著提高,空间工作记忆绩效无明显增加;且在三种呈现时间条件下,空间工作记忆绩效均高于客体工作记忆;(3)三维图形中颜色特征的检测绩效优于形状、图案和特征捆绑.这些结果表明,视觉工作记忆中三维图形的特征加工存在显著的时程效应,空间位置加工最早完成,其次是颜色加工,然后是形状与颜色-形状的捆绑,最后是图案与颜色-图案的捆绑.By using single change-detection paradigm,we studied the time course for feature processing for 3-D graphics in object and spatial working memory. Stimuli presented in experiment 1 were regular three-dimensional graphics of different colors and shapes. And those in experiment 2 were six-prisms consisting of different colors and detailed patterns. The experimental results show that:(1) The performance of object and spatial working memory both decreased with the set size increased.(2) The performance of object working memory significantly improved with the extension of the presentation time,but that of spatial working memory didn’t improved significantly. Under three conditions of presentation time,the performances of spatial working memory were better than those of object working memory.(3) Subjects’ performance of color processing for 3-D graphics was better than that of shape,pattern,and feature binding. Results suggest that there is significant time course effect. The processing of spatial location finished earliest,then the color,and then the shape and the binding of color and shape,the processing of patterns and binding of color and pattern finished at the latest.

关 键 词：客体工作记忆 空间工作记忆 特征加工 捆绑 时程 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]