论设区的市立法权限实践困境之破解——一个法律解释方法的视角  

On the Solution to Predicaments of the Legislative Power of Districted Cities in Practice——From the Perspective of Legal Interpretation Method

作　　者：邓佑文[1] Deng Youwen

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学法政学院

出　　处：《政治与法律》2019年第10期61-71,共11页Political Science and Law

摘　　要：2015年修改的《立法法》赋予设区的市有限的地方立法权,同时,其规定的该立法权限的模糊性导致了立法实践面临越权立法之隐忧、立法求稳不求实之尴尬以及立法需求被抑制之无奈等困境。欲破解上述困境,需对该立法权限条款进行正确解释,以明确权限范围。以“赋权目的”解释方法为基础,设区的市立法权限条款之解释可遵循横向划定和纵向界分两条路径展开:横向划定应基于地方事权范围并满足地方治理需要,对三类列举事项和例示规定进行诠释,以明确设区的市立法事权;纵向界分应遵循上位法规定并填补地方治理规则空缺,对设区的市立法与上位法的关系以及设区的市人大法规与市政府规章制定权限予以辨明。如此,就能够既保障设区的市立法的自主性和地方性,又保障其合法性。The newly revised Legislation Law endows the districted city with limited local legislative power, but the ambiguity of legislative power leads to predicaments of legislative practice such as worrying about legislation beyond power, the embarrassment of seeking stability but not effectiveness, the helplessness of legislative demand being restrained. For solving the above predicaments, it is necessary to correctly interpret the terms on legislative power in order to clarify the scope of the power. Based on the interpretation method of "empowerment purpose", the interpretation of the terms on legislative power of a districted city can be carried out towards two directions of horizontal delimitation and longitudinal demarcation: the former should be based on the scope of local power of office and meet the needs of local governance, and annotate three types of enumerated items and exemplary provisions in order to clarify the legislative power of a districted city;The latter should follow the provisions of the superior laws and fill in the gap in local governance rules, and clarify the relationship between the legislation of a districted city and the superior laws as well as the competence of regulations of the municipal people's congress and municipal government rules, so as to ensure the autonomy and locality of the legislation of a districted city as well as its legitimacy.

关 键 词：设区的市 地方立法权 地方治理 法律解释方法 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]