可选择性多聚腺苷酸化与肿瘤的相关研究进展  

Research Progress on Alternative Polyadenylation in Tumor

作　　者：郭丽霞 孙伟杰 赵卉[2] GUO Li-xia;SUN Wei-jie;ZHAO Hui(State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,Yunnan University, Kunming Yunnan 650091;School of Life Science,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650091 [2]云南大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2019年第9期130-135,共6页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31760311,31460038,21565029)

摘　　要：可选择性多聚腺苷酸化(alternative polyadenylation, APA)普遍存在于真核生物中。具有多个APA位点的基因,可产生结构不同和长度不一的mRNA异构体。不同的异构体可通过miRNA和RNA结合蛋白等影响转录本的稳定、细胞定位和翻译效率等,从而影响转录组和蛋白组的表达。十多年来的研究,特别是高通量测序技术的应用,拓宽了笔者对APA参与调控的重要生物学过程的认识,如肿瘤的发生和转移、疾病、动物发育、免疫应答和神经反应等。本文将从APA机制对转录本产生的影响、组织特异性表达、以及APA对疾病的响应,特别是APA在肿瘤中的作用进行综述,并探讨APA调控的未来研究趋势。Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is widespread in eukaryotes. As a gene has multiple cleavage and polyadenylation sites (PAS), it can produce mRNA isoforms with different structures and/or variable lengths of 3'untranslated regions (3'UTRs). The 3'UTRs of different lengths can impact the mRNA stability, cellular localization and translation efficiency, as 3'UTRs serve as major docking platforms for regulatory factors, e.g. microRNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Ultimately, APA can impact the cellular transcriptome and proteome. With newly developed high-throughput technologies, studies in the past decade have expanded our recognition that APA plays a key role in regulating important biological processes including cell transformation and migration, diseases, development, immune responses and neuron activity. We reviewed our current understanding of APA, such as different transcripts products via APA, tissue specificity expression for APA, the roles of APA in diseases, especially in cancers in this article. A discuss of the future research directions about APA is also made.

关 键 词：可选择性多聚腺苷酸化(APA) 肿瘤 3'非编码区(3'UTR) 转录后调控 

分 类 号：R73-3[医药卫生—肿瘤]