相变材料在建筑节能中的应用  

Application of Phase Change Materials in Building Energy Conservation

作　　者：纪旭阳 金兆国[1] 梁福鑫[2] JI Xuyang;JIN Zhaoguo;LIANG Fuxin(Aerospace Institute of Advanced Materials & Processing, Beijing 100074, China;Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

机构地区：[1]航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所,北京100074 [2]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《功能高分子学报》2019年第5期541-549,共9页Journal of Functional Polymers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC070090306);中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目

摘　　要：相变材料可以通过相态的转变以潜热的形式对环境温度进行调控,在诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景,因而成为材料科学领域的研究热点。近年来,为降低建筑能耗,相变材料已经在建筑节能领域实现了示范性的应用,这一新技术的应用能够有效降低建筑能耗并提高舒适度。本课题组在前期工作的基础上,综述了相变材料最新应用技术及相变材料在建筑节能领域的应用,并展望了相变材料在建筑节能领域的发展趋势。Phase change materials(PCMs) can absorb heat during melting and release heat during solidification. Thermal management is realized in the form of latent heat through phase transition. Therefore, they have attracted great interest due to the broad potential applications in many fields, such as aircraft thermal protection, industrial waste heat recovery, and temperature control clothing. Phase change materials have achieved exemplary applications in the field of building energy conservation recently, including phase change gypsum board, phase change mortar, phase change envelope and so on. The results indicated that application of this new technology could not only reduce building energy consumption effectively, but also improve comfort. Herein, the latest application technology of phase change materials is reviewed, including the effects of microencapsulation technology and heat conduction enhancement on the application of phase change materials. The research status of phase change building materials(phase change gypsum board, phase change mortar, phase change envelope) is summarized as well. Further, the problems in practical engineering application are analyzed. Regarding to the combustible and Volatile Organic Compounds(VOC) problem of phase change microcapsules with organic shell, we prepared phase change microcapsules with inorganic shell through "sol-gel" reaction at emulsion surface. The resulting microcapsules were then taken as the base materials and were applied to gypsum board, putty, paint and other application terminals, realizing the preliminary application of environment-friendly phase change building energy conservation materials. Finally, the development trend of phase change materials in the field of building energy conservation is prospected.

关 键 词：相变材料 复合材料 微胶囊 建筑节能 

分 类 号：O63[理学—高分子化学]