饮食行为干预工具对1～5岁儿童饮食行为问题的干预研究  

Intervention study on eating behavior problems of children aged 1-5 years by identification and management of feeding difficulties tools

作　　者：蔡世忠 史晓燕[1] 秦立强[2] 陈艳[1] 陆海萍[1] 巫瑛[1] CAI Shizhong;SHI Xiaoyan;QIN Liqiang;CHEN Yan;LU Haiping;WU Ying(Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare,Children's Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,Jiangsu Province,China;School of Public Health,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科,中国苏州215021 [2]苏州大学公共卫生学院,中国苏州215021

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2019年第3期160-165,共6页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：江苏省妇幼健康科研项目(F201538);苏州市“科教兴卫”青年科技项目(KJXW2016018)

摘　　要：目的评估儿童饮食行为干预工具对儿童饮食行为问题及抚养人对儿童饮食行为认知态度的干预效果。方法以苏州市200名1~5岁饮食行为问题儿童为研究对象,随机分成干预组100名和对照组100名,分别采用爱饭达(IMFeD)工具,即儿童饮食行为干预计划(identification and management of feeding difficulties,IMFeD),及常规门诊指导进行干预。随访为期9个月,共随访4次,每次随访需要对儿童进行体格测量,同时通过让抚养人填写问卷,评估儿童各阶段的饮食行为状况及抚养人的认知状况。结果在儿童6类饮食行为问题中,抚养人报告最严重的是“胃口差”和“不良进食习惯”,而未报告“潜在疾病状态”。干预组儿童在“胃口差”(P<0.001)和“父母过度关心”(P=0.049)这两项目的基线评分高于对照组。经过9个月的干预,两组儿童的饮食行为评分较干预前均呈下降趋势,干预组在“胃口差”的改善程度较对照组更明显(P=0.003)。干预组儿童的身高和体质量增长幅度均高于对照组,且身高的差异有统计学意义(P=0.030)。随干预时间的延长,干预组在“胃口差”“对某种食物特别偏好”“不良进食习惯”“父母过度关心”四类评分及饮食行为总评分均呈现逐渐递减趋势,且各项组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。干预组抚养人在干预后“认为孩子吃饭存在问题”的比例、“对孩子吃饭的担忧程度”以及对医生的疗效和满意度评价有明显改善(P<0.001)。结论综合系统的饮食行为干预可以较好地改善儿童的饮食行为问题,促进儿童体格生长,同时可以改善抚养人对儿童饮食行为的认知态度。Objective To evaluate the intervention effects of eating behavior intervention tools on Children's eating behavior problems and their parents cognitive attitudes towards Children's eating behavior.Methods Two hundred children with eating behavior problems aged 1-5 years in Suzhou City were randomly divided into intervention group(n=100)and control group(n=100).The intervention was conducted with IMFeD(identification and management of feeding difficulties)intervention tools and routine outpatient guidance.The follow-up lasted for 9 months and 4 times.Each follow-up required physical measurement of the children.At the same time,the Children's eating behavior and cognitive status of the caregivers were assessed by filling out questionnaires.Results Among the six major eating behavioral problems of children,the most serious ones reported by caregivers were“poor appetite”and“bad eating habits”,while no“potential disease status”was reported.The baseline scores of“poor appetite”(P<0.001)and“excessive parental care”(P=0.049)in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group.After 9 months of the intervention,the scores of eating behavior of children in both groups showed a downward trend compared with those before intervention,and the improvement of“poor appetite”in intervention group was more obvious than that in control group(P=0.003).The height and weight gain of children in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference of height was significant(P=0.030).With the prolongation of the intervention time,the scores of four items,“bad appetite”“special preference for certain food”“bad eating habits”“excessive parental care”,and the total score of eating behavior in the intervention group showed a gradual decline trend,and there were significant differences among the groups(P<0.001).After the intervention,the proportion of the caregivers in the intervention group who thought that the children had eating problems,the degree of

关 键 词：饮食行为问题 爱饭达工具 效果评价 儿童 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]