美国精英大学参与补偿性招生政策的经验及其启示  

The Experience of American Elite Universities Involved in the Compensatory Enrollment Policy and Their Enlightenment

作　　者：陈莉[1] CHEN Li(Institute of Education , Sichuan Normal University , Chengdu 610066, China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2019年第8期98-106,共9页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)西部课题(XIA180290)

摘　　要：美国精英大学积极倡导并主动探索招生与人才培养模式变革,在多方力量博弈中推动高等教育肯定性行动计划的发展,促进了社会公平。在这一过程中美国精英大学形成了"杂食主义"精英教育观念,创新发展以多元化为资源的入学后教育,提高了教育质量。美国精英大学参与肯定性行动计划的经验对我国重点大学执行面向农村和贫困地区专项招生政策的启示是:对社会弱势群体的补偿性招生既是推动社会公平的重要举措,也可以成为提升教育质量的重要动力和资源,大学教育的自主创新是实现精英教育与社会公平相互促进的有效途径。American elite universities initiated and explored the reform of enrollment and talent cultivation mode, which promoted the development of Affirmative Action Program and social equality in the course of gaming. Then, American elite universities formed the new elite education concept of omnivorism, created the education method with diversity as educational resource, and improved the quality of elite education. Their experience was of enlightenment for China’s key universities enrolling the students from the rural and poverty-stricken areas. The compensatory enrollment was the important measure to push social equality, as well as the vital force and resource to improve education quality;independent innovation of university education was the effective path to mutual promotion of elite education and social equality.

关 键 词：美国精英大学 肯定性行动计划 社会公平 教育质量 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]