基于制动毂温升的连续下坡安全设计方法  

Safety Design Method of Long Slope Downhill Slope Based on Temperature Increase of Brake Drum

作　　者：张驰[1,2] 侯宇迪 秦际涵 张宏 ZHANG Chi;HOU Yudi;QIN Jihan;ZHANG Hong(Highway Institute,Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China;Transportation Infrastructure Construction and Management of Digital Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]陕西省交通基础设施建设与管理数字化工程研究中心,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第10期139-150,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0803906);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2016M590915);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(S2017-ZRJJ-MS-0603)~~

摘　　要：为提升高速公路连续下坡行车安全水平,缓解中国长下坡路段车路协同矛盾,研究了基于货车制动毂温升的纵坡组合安全设计方法.选取六轴铰接列车为主导车型,采用理论分析法构建了制动毂温升模型,通过实车试验验证了模型准确性.收集了试验路段多年事故数据,基于对货车事故率与制动毂温升的相关性分析,选取温度达到200℃时下坡距离、坡底温度和温升速率作为纵坡组合安全性分析指标,对连续下坡纵坡组合设计方法进行了分析.结果表明:从制动毂温升层面考虑,连续下坡应从缓坡设置、坡度差控制和坡长组合三方面进行安全设计与优化,并辅以主、被动防护和交通管控措施;合理设置缓坡有利于缓解制动毂温升,但缓坡降温效果有限,坡度无限趋缓既无益于降低制动毂温度,也增加了路线长度,宜根据临界坡度指标合理控制缓坡取值;相邻坡段坡度差不宜过大,尽量以坡差较小的纵坡组合进行展线,宜根据平均纵坡以及最大坡度差回归方程控制坡差;同时应采用长缓坡和短陡坡的坡长组合形式.由此可最大限度避免连续下坡的货车制动毂超过200℃,提升货车下坡安全.A safety combined design method of longitudinal slope based on the temperature rise of truck brake drum was studied in order to improve the driving safety level of continuous downhill driving on expressway and to alleviate the contradiction between road and vehicle in China.Six-axis semi-trailer were taken as the leading truck,and the brake heating model was constructed by theoretical analysis method.The accuracy of the model was verified by the real vehicle test.The downhill distance when the brake drum temperature reaches 200 ℃,the temperature of the slope bottom and the temperature rise rate were selected as the analysis indexes to analyze the combined design method of the longitudinal slope,based on the analysis of the correlation between the accident rate of truck and the temperature rise of the brake drum.The results show that,considering the temperature rise of brake heating,the continuous downhill should be designed and optimized safely from three aspects:transition slope setting,difference control of adjacent slope segments and slope length combination,supplemented by protective measures and traffic management measures.Reasonable transition slope setting is beneficial to relieve the temperature rise of brake hea- ting,but the cooling effect of transition slope is limited.The infinite reduction of slope not only can't help to reduce the temperature of brake heating,but also increases the length of the route.It is advisable to control the slope value reasonably according to the critical slope index.The slope difference of adjacent slope section should not be too large,designing longitudinal alignment as far as possible with the small slope difference of the longitudinal slope combination.It is advisable to control the slope difference according to the average longitudinal slope and the maximum slope difference regression equation.And the slope length combination form of long gentle slope and short steep slope should be adopted.Thus can to the greatest degree minimizes the continuous downhill of the lorry

关 键 词：道路工程 纵坡组合设计方法 制动毂温升 长大下坡 陡缓组合 

分 类 号：U412.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]