独生子女大学生与非独生子女大学生焦虑和抑郁症状的比较  

Discrimination of anxiety and depression symptoms between only-child and non-only-child college students

作　　者：程硕 贾存显 CHENG Shuo;JIA Cunxian(Department of Epidemiology,Shandong University School of Public Health. Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病学系

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2019年第10期783-787,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：山东大学大学生科技创新基金(2016059)

摘　　要：目的:比较独生子女大学生与非独生子女大学生焦虑抑郁并分析相关因素。方法:对大学生654名,用自编一般情况问卷与焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)调查。SAS标准分≥50分为有焦虑状态,SDS标准分≥53分为有抑郁状态。焦虑与抑郁相关因素分析采用logistic回归模型。结果:独生子女焦虑抑郁状态比例均高于非独生子女。焦虑状态的相关因素为父母教育方式,对独生子女,还有童年是否经常独自在家、人际关系、参加活动积极性、饮食习惯,对非独生子女为专业类别、年级。抑郁状态的相关因素为年级、父母教育方式、饮食习惯,对独生子女还有人际关系、参加活动积极性,对非独生子女还有专业类别。结论:独生子女大学生焦虑抑郁状态比例较高,其焦虑抑郁状态的相关因素与非独生子女有不同。Objective:To compare the difference in anxiety status and depression status between the only child college students and non-only child college students,and analyze the related factors of the anxiety status and depression status.Methods:Totally 654 college students were investigated with the self-made general situation questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale.The subjects,whose SAS standards were more than or equal to 50 were rated with anxiety status,and whose SDS standards were more than or equal to 53 were rated with depression status.Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore related factors of anxiety and depression status among only child college students and non-only child college students.Results:The rates of anxiety state and depression state were both higher in only child college students than in non-only child college students.Parental education was common related factor of anxiety for both only child college students and non-only child college students.The related factors of anxiety also included staying at home alone in childhood,interpersonal relationship,enthusiasm to participate in activities,and eating habits for the only child college students,and included professional category and grade for the non-only child college students.Grade,parental education and eating habits were common related factors of depression for both only child college students and non-only child college students.The related factors of depression also included interpersonal relationship and enthusiasm to participate in activities for only child college students,and included professional category for non-only child college students.Conclusion:It suggests that the rates of anxiety and depression status in only child college students are higher than those in non-only child college students.There are different related factors of the anxiety and depression status between the only child college students and the non-only child college students.

关 键 词：大学生 独生子女 非独生子女 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R749.72[哲学宗教—心理学]