空间冷原子钟原位探测微波腔设计  

Design of Microwave Cavity for in Situ Atom Detection Used in Space Cold Atom Clock

作　　者：王新文 高源慈[3] 赵剑波[1] 彭向凯 任伟[1] 项静峰 张镇 董功勋 刘亢亢[1] 屈求智[1] 刘亮[1,2] 吕德胜 Wang Xinwen;Gao Yuanci;Zhao Jianbo;Peng Xiangkai;Ren Wei;Xiang Jingfeng;Zhang Zhen;Dong Gongxun;Liu Kangkang;Qu Qiuzhi;Liu Liang;Lu Desheng(Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics , Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics ,Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800, China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electrotiic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Beijing 100049, China;School of Electronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ,Chengdu , Sichuan 611731, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [3]电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《中国激光》2019年第9期37-42,共6页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11034008);中国科技部仪器项目(2013YQ09094304)

摘　　要：高精度空间冷原子钟在基础物理研究、导航定位系统,以及深空探测领域均有重要应用。为此,设计了一种结合激光冷却与原子原位探测方案的新型微波腔,在该微波腔中心可以俘获与冷却铷原子,然后在微重力环境下对冷原子样品开展原子钟操作。该方案相对于已有的空间冷原子钟方案,在减少冷原子损耗、死时间占比和分布腔相移上具有较大的优势。分析了微波腔的详细结构与光学设计,确定了微波腔需要的基本参数,并对微波腔内部的微波磁场进行了仿真分析。在已完成研制的微波腔内开展特性测试,测试与仿真结果说明,所设计微波腔的性能可以满足不确定度优于1×10^-16的高精度空间冷原子钟的要求。High-precision space cold atom clocks play an important role in basic physics researches, navigation and positioning systems, and deep space exploration in the future. Herein, a novel microwave cavity is presented, which combines laser cooling and in situ atom detection. In microgravity, 87Rb atoms can be captured and cooled at the center of the microwave cavity, and the cold atom sample can be interrogated by the microwave field of the cavity. The analysis shows that this scheme has considerable advantages over the existing space cold atom clock schemes in reducing the loss of cold atoms, the proportion of dead time, and the range of distributed phase shift in the cavity. The detailed structure and optical design of the microwave cavity are presented herein, and the microwave magnetic field inside the microwave cavity is simulated. The characteristic test is performed in the cavity, and it shows that the design of the microwave cavity meets the requirement of the uncertainty of the space cold atom clock being better than 1×10^-16.

关 键 词：测量 冷原子钟 激光冷却 微波腔 微重力 原位探测 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程] TN61[理学—光学]