生态补偿的政策学理论基础与中国的生态补偿政策  

The Basis of Policy Theory on the Eco-compensation and China’s Eco-compensation Policy

作　　者：王前进 王希群[2] 陆诗雷 郭保香 Wang Qianjin;Wang Xiqun;Lu Shilei;Guo Baoxiang(China Forestry Economic Society,Beijing 100714;Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,CAF,Beijing 100091;Planning and Finance Department,NFGA,Beijing 100714;Planning and Design Institute of Forest Products Industry,NFGA,Beijing 100010)

机构地区：[1]中国林业经济学会,北京100714 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091 [3]国家林业和草原局规划财务司,北京100714 [4]国家林业和草原局林产工业规划设计院,北京100010

出　　处：《林业经济》2019年第9期3-15,40,共14页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家林业局林业重大问题研究项目“长江经济带森林和湿地生态系统保护与修复区域补偿机制研究”（编号：Ly2017-326）,“长江经济带森林和湿地生态系统保护与修复区域协网发展体制与机制研究”（编号：Ly2016-155）

摘　　要：林业和生态问题在中国得到党和政府的认识和重视,最终通过生态补偿政策得到一定解决,这是中国社会经济发展和生态环境保护史上的一个重要突破。社会分工论、和谐发展论是生态补偿的政策学理论基础,成为制定中国的生态补偿政策的依据。通过查阅文献资料,系统梳理了中国的生态补偿的发展过程,划分出4个阶段。生态补偿是中国改革开放以来,尤其是20世纪90年代以来,在中国社会经济、林业和生态以及自然保护事业方面取得的一个理论和实践性的重大突破,经过30多年的不断完善,初步建立的中国生态补偿的政策体系,对新时代中国特色社会主义经济发展和生态文明建设将起到重大作用。The forestry and ecological problem has been recognized and valued by the Communist Party of China and the People's Government of the People's Republic of China,and it is finally solved through the eco-compensation policy.This is an important breakthrough in the history of China's social and economic development and the history of natural protection.The theory of social labor division and coordinated development is the theoretical basis of ecological compensation policy and has become the basis of China's eco-compensation policy.By consulting the literature,this paper systematically combed the development process of eco-compensation in China and divided it into four stages.Eco- compensation is a major breakthrough in the theory and practice of China since the reform and opening up,especially since 1990s in China's social economy and natural protection.After more than 30 years of continuous improvement,the policy system of eco- compensation has been established, which will play a major role on the economic development and ecology construction of civilization of the Chinese characteristic socialism in the new era.

关 键 词：生态补偿 政策学理论基础 社会分工论 协调发展论 理论突破 

分 类 号：F307.24[经济管理—产业经济]