不同控水控肥处理对日光温室番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Different Water and Fertilizer Control Treatments on Tomato Fruit Development and Flavor Quality in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：赵丽丽[1] 辛彬[1] 刘爱群[1] ZHAO Li-li;XIN bin;LIU Ai-qun(Vegetable Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院蔬菜研究所

出　　处：《辽宁农业科学》2019年第5期22-25,共4页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省农村科技特派示范工程(2018104025)

摘　　要：以适宜春茬栽培的番茄品种草莓1号为试材,以田间持水量的80%和常规施肥为对照(CK),设置3个土壤水肥处理,分别为处理1(田间持水量的70%,正常施肥的70%),处理2(田间持水量的60%,正常施肥的60%),处理3(田间持水量的50%,正常施肥的50%),研究不同控水和控肥处理对番茄生长发育、果实纵径、横径、糖、酸和产量的影响,旨在筛选番茄植株和果实生长发育、果实品质和产量的适宜水肥方案。结果表明:在同一时期的不同处理间,随着水分和肥料供应量的减少,番茄株高、茎粗逐渐降低,开花时间延迟,果实纵径、横径、单果质量、产量也随之减小,果实中糖含量不断升高,可滴定酸变化不显著,糖酸比提高,品质提升,糖酸比与水肥供应量呈负相关。‘Strawberry No.1’tomato variety suitable for spring stubble cultivation was used as the experiment material in the study. The 4 treatments included field water holding capacity of 80% and conventional fertilization(CK),water holding capacity of 70% and conventional fertilization of 70%(treatment 1),60%(treatment 2)and 50%(treatment 3).To explore the effects of different water and fertilizer control treatments on the development,sweetness,acidity of tomato fruit and tomato yield,in order to screen the optimal irrigation and fertilization treatment of tomato cultivation in greenhouse. The results showed that:With the continuous decline in supply of the water and fertilizer,during the same period, the plant height and stem diameter of tomato decreased gradually,flowering time was delayed,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,single fruit quality and tomato yield per acre were reduced gradually.The sugar content in tomato fruit was increased accordingly. Water and fertilizer control treatments had little effect on titratable acid content in tomato fruit, and sugar-acid ratio was negatively correlated with the supply of water and fertilizer. Considering comprehensively,water and fertilizer control moderately can improve the flavor quality of tomato fruit, but it takes the inhibition effect on single fruit quality and the total yield of plot.

关 键 词：番茄 控水控肥 果实 糖酸比 品质 

分 类 号：S641.201[农业科学—蔬菜学] S154.2[农业科学—园艺学]