腺样体肥大与牙颌面畸形的研究进展  

Advances in adenoid hypertrophy and dental and maxillofacial deformities

作　　者：闫旭珍 冯云霞[1,2] YAN Xuzhen;FENG Yunxia(School of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.2.Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,山西太原030001 [2]山西医科大学口腔医学院·口腔医院正畸科,山西太原030001

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2019年第10期673-676,共4页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：山西省卫生计生委科研课题计划项目(2014095)

摘　　要：腺样体肥大易造成儿童异常口呼吸习惯,从而引起牙颌面软硬组织发育异常。传统观点认为肥大的腺样体可引起下颌向后旋转,形成安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合],近年的研究表明该类患者也会因上颌发育不足导致安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]畸形。本文主要介绍腺样体肥大与儿童牙颌面畸形形成的机制、类型及治疗方法的相关进展。文献复习结果表明腺样体肥大造成异常口呼吸习惯,从而引起患者腭盖高拱,上前牙唇倾,下颌后缩等典型面容;与此同时颊肌力量增大,导致上下颌牙弓狭窄,加重患者牙颌面畸形的程度。但也有研究发现肥大的腺样体与牙颌面畸形无直接关系。这类病人应由正畸科、耳鼻喉科、儿科等多学科小组医生进行多方面评估,更好地为患者提供有效的治疗。Adenoid hypertrophy may cause abnormal breathing habits in children, which may cause abnormal development of soft and hard tissues of the maxillofacial region. Hypertrophic adenoids can cause the mandible to rotate backwards, forming a Class Ⅱ malocclusion. Recent studies have shown that such patients may progress to a Class Ⅲ malocclusion due to insufficient maxillary development. This article mainly discusses the mechanism, types and treatment of adenoidal hypertrophy and the formation of dental and maxillofacial deformities in children. The literature review results showed that adenoid hypertrophy causes abnormal mouth breathing habits, which causes patients to have a high arch,upper anterior labial tilt, mandibular retraction and other typical facial features;additionally, the buccal muscle strength is increased, resulting in upper and lower jaw arch stenosis, increasing the degree of dental and maxillofacial deformity in patients. However, some studies have found that hypertrophic adenoids are not directly related to dental and maxillofacial deformities. Such patients should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team of orthodontists, otolaryngologists, and pediatricians to better provide effective treatment.

关 键 词：腺样体肥大 口呼吸 牙颌面畸形 上颌骨发育不足 下颌后缩 错颌畸形 正畸 多学科联合会诊 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]