劳动生产率与劳动报酬能否同步提高——基于马克思经济学的分析  

Can Labor Productivity and Labor Compensation Improve Simultaneously?——Analysis based on Marxist Economics

作　　者：周建锋[1] 杨继国[2] Zhou Jian-feng;Yang Ji-guo

机构地区：[1]福州大学马克思主义学院 [2]厦门大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2019年第10期36-45,共10页Economist

基　　金：福州大学科研启动项目“劳动力价值实现向劳动力产权实现嬗变的理论研究”(510230)

摘　　要：劳动生产率不断提高是资本主义社会呈现出的必然趋势,表现为资本的生产力不断提高;在维护劳动者利益的视角下,劳动报酬的提高要求工资大于劳动力价值。在马克思经济增长模型中,劳动报酬的同步增长需要一个趋于稳态的、恒定的资本有机构成值,这与资本主义社会资本有机构成不断提高的趋势相违背。当资本有机构成提高时,维持资本主义经济的持续增长,要求劳动者能分享剩余价值,这与资本主义社会的价值规律和分配规则相违背,从而也就证明劳动生产率与劳动报酬同步提高在资本主义社会无法实现。实现劳动生产率与劳动报酬同步提高的一种思路是:劳动力和物质资料两种要素进行合作生产,并依据要素投入量的大小共同参与利润分享,在形式上表现为劳动力产权的实现。The continuous improvement of labor productivity is an inevitable trend of capitalist society.It shows that the productivity of capital is constantly improving.Under the perspective of safeguarding the interests of laborers,the increase of labor compensation requires wages to be greater than the value of labor.In the model of economic growth of Marx,the simultaneous growth of labor compensation requires a constant and solid organic composition of capital,which is contrary to the trend of increasing organic composition of social capital in capitalist society.When the organic composition of capital is raised,maintaining the sustained growth of the capitalist economy requires laborers to share surplus value,which is contrary to the value law and the rules of distribution in capitalist society,therefore,it proves that the simultaneous improvement of labor productivity and labor compensation cannot be realized in capitalist society.One way to achieve the simultaneous improvement of labor productivity and labor remuneration is that the two elements of labor and material data are cooperatively produced,and participate in profit sharing according to the size of factor input,which is expressed in the form of the realization of labor property rights.

关 键 词：马克思经济学 劳动生产率 劳动报酬 劳动力产权 

分 类 号：F014[经济管理—政治经济学]