外部知识源异质性对企业工艺和产品创新绩效的影响研究  

Research on the Effect of Heterogeneity of External Knowledge Sources on Enterprise Process and Product Innovation Performance

作　　者：司月芳[1,2] 刘婉昕 曹贤忠[1] Si Yuefang;Liu Wanxin;Cao Xianzhong(The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;School of Urban & Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2019年第11期77-85,共9页Journal of Industrial Technological Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“跨国并购驱动全球—地方创新网络演化的机制及效应分析研究”(项目编号:19YJC790138);国家自然科学基金项目“中资企业离岸研发的空间格局与动力机制研究——以上海张江高新区企业为例”(项目编号:41871110);上海市科技发展基金软科学项目“提高在沪中资企业研发国际化的政策研究”(项目编号:18692104500);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

摘　　要：作为全球制造业中心,中国正处于由“中国制造”向“中国智造”的转型关口。越来越多的中国企业通过获取外部知识,提高自身的工艺和产品创新水平。然而,鲜有研究讨论不同知识源对我国制造业企业工艺创新绩效和产品创新绩效的影响异同。因此,本文采用世界银行所提供的中国制造业企业调查数据,基于Pavitt产业部门分类法,运用双变量Probit模型,分别考察企业工艺和产品创新绩效与供应商、用户、同行、大学及科研机构这4种外部知识源之间的关系。研究发现,由于制造业企业上游供应商企业创新能力低下,仅用户、同行、大学及科研机构这3种知识源对企业工艺和产品创新绩效有显著正向影响;其中,规模集约部门企业利用同行的技术知识,以及时刻关注竞争对手的创新动态,对企业工艺创新有着正向促进作用;专业供应商部门企业通过与用户密切合作加速创新成果商业转化,促进企业产品创新。As a global manufacturing center, China is in the transition gate from “Made in China” to “Create in China”. More and more companies are developing new competitive advantages and improving their own innovation levels by acquiring external knowledge. The papers rarely discuss influences of the similarities and differences between various sources of knowledge on the process and product innovation performance of China s manufacturing enterprises. Based on the Pavitt industry classification, this paper uses the bivariate probit model to investigate the influence of external knowledge sources on innovation performance, and tests it by using Chinese manufacturing enterprises survey data published by the world bank in 2013. The empirical analysis indicates that external sources of knowledge have significantly postive influence on process and product innovation performance, except for suppli ers. In the process of technological innovation, peers have a positive effect on corporate process improvement, especially in the sci ence based sector. In product innovation, close technical cooperation with users will accelerate the commercial transformation of in novation results, especially in specialized suppliers sector.

关 键 词：外部知识源 工艺创新绩效 产品创新绩效 帕维特分类 制造业企业 双变量Probit模型 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F424[经济管理—国民经济]