外泌体与缺血性卒中  

Exosomes and ischemic stroke

作　　者：刘品一[1] 徐运[1] 曹翔[1] Liu Pinyi;Xu Yun;Cao Xiang(Department of Neurology,the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院神经内科,210008

出　　处：《国际脑血管病杂志》2019年第8期620-623,共4页International Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81701170);江苏省医学重点学科(ZDXKA2016020).

摘　　要：外泌体是细胞外囊泡中的一种,内含丰富的蛋白质、RNA、脂质等,具有来源和靶向的特异性,同时能透过血脑屏障,可作为疾病的生物标志物以及药物载体。近年来的研究显示,外泌体在缺血性卒中的病理生理学过程中发挥重要作用。脑缺血时,内皮细胞来源的外泌体可造成血脑屏障破坏,而星形胶质细胞及少突胶质细胞分泌的外泌体则具有神经保护功能。间充质干细胞的外泌体经工程改造能促进卒中后神经修复,改善神经功能缺损。文章就外泌体与缺血性卒中相关性的研究进展进行了综述。Exosomes are a kind of extracellular vesicles,which contain abundant proteins,RNA,and lipids.They are source-specific and target-specific,and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and used as biomarkers of diseases and drug carriers.Studies in recent years have shown that exosomes play an important role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke.During cerebral ischemia,endothelium-derived exosomes can cause damage to the blood-brain barrier,while exosomes secreted by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes have neuroprotective functions.The exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells can be engineered to promote post-stroke nerve repair and improve neurological deficits.This article reviews the research progress of the correlation between exosomes and ischemic stroke.

关 键 词：卒中 脑缺血 外泌体 血脑屏障 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]