明治初期国民教化运动中神佛纷争之探析——以“三条教则”为中心  

An Analysis of the Disputes Between Shinto and Buddhism in the Campaign of Cultivating Citizens in the Early Meiji Period ——Focusing on the “Three Criteria”

作　　者：秦莲星 QIN Lian-xing(Institute of Japanese Studies,Nankai University,Tianjin,300071;Shanxi Normal University,School of Foreign Language,Linfen,Shanxi,041000,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学日本研究院 [2]山西师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日本问题研究》2019年第5期25-34,共10页Japanese Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基地重大项目“近代日本对外侵略战争的思想逻辑——从国体论到日本精神论”(15JJD770015)

摘　　要：明治初年,为了从精神上统一国民,明治政府开展了由神、佛共同承担的国民教化运动。在此过程中,神佛双方围绕作为“宣教教材”的“三条教则”产生了种种纷争。这些纷争不仅导致国民教化运动失败,还使神道的宗教特质被抽离,成为一种“非宗教”的存在,即产生了所谓的“神道非宗教”理论。而这一理论又预示了神道之后的走向,为“非宗教”性质的国家神道之成立开辟了道路。In the early Meiji period,the government carried out the campaign of citizens cultivation,which was jointly undertaken by Shinto and Buddhism,so that it could control its people spiritually. During this period,disputes over the “Three Criteria” of disseminating “ doctrines ” arose between the two sides. These disputes led to not only the failure of the campaign,but also the dissociation of the religious characteristics,making Shinto “non-religious”,which means the theory of “Shinto cannot be classified as traditional religions ” was formed. Furthermore,this theory also heralded the direction of Shinto and opened the way for the establishment of the Kokkashinto with “non-religious” characteristics.

关 键 词：三条教则 国民教化运动 神佛纷争 神道非宗教 国家神道 

分 类 号：B313[哲学宗教—外国哲学]