沈阳市12所中学12岁学生连续4年恒牙龋病临床观察  

A 4-year clinical observation on the permanent tooth caries in 12-year old students from 12 middle schools in Shenyang

作　　者：丛芳[1] 徐畅 丛蓓[3] 黄悦 CONG Fang;XU Chang;CONG Bei;HUANG Yue(Shenyang Stomatology Hospital,110002 Shenyang,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳市口腔医院科研科,沈阳110002 [2]大连医科大学附属第二临床学院,大连116044 [3]沈阳市皇姑区牙病防治所,沈阳110000

出　　处：《中国中西医结合儿科学》2019年第5期419-422,共4页Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的在学校进行口腔卫生保健适宜技术推广,进行口腔健康普查及恒牙龋病数据分析,为学生牙体及牙周组织健康服务,保障儿童少年身心健康发育,并为学校口腔卫生工作的可持续发展提供依据。方法 样本来自沈阳市口腔医院联合沈阳市皇姑区牙病防治所,参照WHO推荐的《口腔健康调查基本方法》第5版和国家卫生健康委员会2015年发布的《口腔健康调查检查方法》,对12周岁初中一年级学生进行牙体情况临床检查及样本收集,累计4年研究数据。结果 2015~2019年调查结果显示龋齿发病率逐年降低,趋势检验有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2015~2019年调查结果显示龋均逐年降低,龋齿充填率逐年提高,趋势检验有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2019年新龋在校充填率为0,与2009年比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 沈阳市口腔医院对市区的学校口腔卫生保健措施的推广和实施对学生恒牙患龋率的逐年下降起促进作用。但高风险人群仍然是龈病预防的重点人群。对于在校进行龋病治疗和充填已经不能满足学生及其家长的需要,同时不能有效规避交叉感染风险,选择去口腔专业机构进行临床治疗已经成为必然。Objective To promote the appropriate technologies for oral health care in schools, to carry out oral health screening and analyze the data on permanent tooth caries, and to provide dental and periodontal services for students in order to ensure the physical and psychological development of the children and provide evidence for the sustainable development of oral health in schools. Methods The samples were from Shenyang Stomatology Hospital and Huanggu District Dental Clinic of Shenyang. With reference to the Basic Methods of Oral Health Survey (5 th edition) recommended by WHO and the Examination Methods in Oral Health Survey issued by National Health Commission in 2015, clinical examination of teeth was performed in 12-year old students of grade one in middle schools, and the samples were collected. The 4-year research data were accumulated. Results The survey results from 2015 to 2019 showed that there was a decrease in the incidence of caries year by year, and the trend testing was of statistical significance ( P <0.05). The results also showed that the mean DMFT was decreased year by year, and the caries filling rate was increased year by year, the trend testing being of statistical significance ( P <0.05). The filling rate of new caries at school was 0 in 2019, and compared with that in 2009, there was statistical difference ( P <0.05). Conclusion The promotion and implementation of oral health care measures in urban shools by Shenyang Stomatology Hospital plays a significant role in the decrease of the incidence of permanent tooth caries. However, the high-risk population is still the focus of prevention. The treatment and the filling at school are unable to meet the demand of students and their parents, and the risk of cross infection can't be avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to go to the professional dental institutions for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：龋病 学校口腔保健 龋均 龋病发病率 龋齿充填率 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]