近距离交流信号对雌性凹耳蛙抱对成功率的影响  

Effects of Short-range Communication Signals on the Rate of Amplexus Success in Female Frogs (Odorrana tormota)

作　　者：刘姝文 袁成 汪金梅 王生 张方[1] LIU Shu-Wen;YUAN Cheng;WANG Jin-Mei;WANG Sheng;ZHANG Fang(College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2019年第5期652-658,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（No.31640073,31872230）

摘　　要：繁殖期雌性凹耳蛙(Odorrana tormota)的声信号已有过深入的研究,但目前国内对其交配行为研究较少,近距离时,雌性凹耳蛙如何与雄蛙交流并完成抱对尚不清楚。为探究繁殖期雌性凹耳蛙与雄蛙近距离交流、交配过程,采用焦点动物取样法和全事件取样法对雌性凹耳蛙交配前行为进行记录。2013至2016年及2018年记录并分析了49组雌雄蛙抱对过程和42组未抱对个体的视频数据。结果表明,凹耳蛙雌蛙与雄蛙近距离交流过程涉及多种信号,包括视觉信号(眨眼、低头、腹部膨胀、脚趾震动、背转向雄蛙)与声信号两类;在每组雌蛙发出信号且抱对成功的实验中,各视觉信号出现1或2次较多,声信号出现1至3次较多,眨眼、鸣声、腹部膨胀三种信号的总次数较多;5个繁殖期所记录的雌蛙交流信号中视觉信号所占的比例均高于声信号。统计分析结果显示,同一只雌蛙在抱对成功与失败时所发出的眨眼、低头和腹部膨胀三种视觉信号的次数存在显著性差异(P < 0.05),声信号、腹部膨胀、脚趾震动和背转向雄蛙这四种信号仅在抱对成功时出现。因此,推测这些信号在抱对前出现时,有助于提高雌雄凹耳蛙抱对成功率。Female concave-eared torrent frogs (Odorrana tormota) are known to actively vocalize during the reproductive season. Their vocal signals have been well characterized, but the roles of their calls in intersexual mating and the overall mating behavior, in particular how females interact and communicate with males at short ranges, are poorly understood. In order to gain insights into these issues, we used focal animal and all occurrence samplings to record audio visually the behavior of the female (and the males) prior to forming an amplexus. We performed 91 pairings over the span of five years (2013﹣2016;2018) and, of these, 49 resulted in amplexus and 42 did not. Our audio visual data revealed that short-range intersexual communication in concave-eared torrent frogs involved female emitting multimodal communication signals, including visual signals (eye blink, head bob, belly inflation, toe tapping, back to the male) and acoustic signals. In pairings resulted in amplexus, all visual signals were emitted once or twice, and occasionally 3﹣4 times and acoustic signals was usually emitted 1 to 3 times (Fig. 1). The three most predominant signals were eye blink, vocal signal, and belly inflation. Visual signals were used more often than acoustic signals (Fig. 2). Females appeared to emit signals selectively as the frequencies of emission of eye blink, head bob and belly inflation by individual females differed significantly when pairing resulted in amplexus and when pairing did not produce amplexus (Wilcoxon’s signed rank tests, P < 0.05), and vocal signal, belly inflation, toe tapping, and back to the male appeared only in pairing experiments resulting in amplexus. The differential occurrence of these signals suggests that emission of signals enhanced the probability of amplexus.

关 键 词：凹耳蛙 抱对 交流信号 视觉信号 声信号 

分 类 号：Q954.3[生物学—动物学]