文明传播视野中的“中国模式”与“中国故事”  

"China Model" and "China Story" in the Perspective of Communication Among Civilizations

作　　者：白文刚[1,2] Bai Wengang(Communication University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学政治传播研究所 [2]中国传媒大学政府与公共事务学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播评论》2019年第6期5-16,共12页Journalism & Communication Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(17AXW010);中国传媒大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CUC2019A011)

摘　　要：近十多年来,"中国模式"成为国际社会,特别是西方讨论中国发展,建构中国国家形象的一个热门概念,但中国在对内、对外传播中却尽量避用这一概念,把这一概念的解释权拱手让给了西方。总体来看,西方国家对"中国模式"的评价大体分三种类型:第一种是承认其存在并对其持积极肯定的态度;第二种是承认其存在,但对其持否定的态度,特别是将其视为对所谓"西方模式"的挑战和威胁而予以激烈批判;第三种是根本否定"中国模式"的存在,傲慢地认为中国根本不配产生一种发展模式。准确理解和正确回应西方对"中国模式"的评价,需要从文明传播的视野切入。从文明传播的视野来看,西方国家对"中国模式"的评价从根本上来说基于其特定的意识形态和文明立场,是大国竞争世界史观和文明冲突观念的产物,既显示了其极其自负的文明优越感,又展现出其强烈的文明衰落焦虑。基于这样的传播语境,中国在对外传播中应该积极准确地使用"中国模式"这个概念。这既是回应国际话语,争夺"中国模式"话语解释权的需要,更是讲清楚中国故事,展示文明自信的需要--"中国模式"这个概念,不仅能够涵盖中国的道路、理论、制度自信,而且还可以涵盖基于更深层的文化因素的中国发展的内在逻辑和方向的必然性,鲜明地展示了中国发展的必由之路和中华民族由文明自卑走向文明自信的精神状态。在运用"中国模式"讲述中国故事时须从基于长时段、更符合人类文明传播史实质的文明对话的新世界史观出发,以便突破基于短时段和西方近代文明特点的大国竞争旧世界史观带来的话语困境,准确地辨明"现代中国"这一概念中包含的"中国的现代"和"现代的中国"这一关涉现代中国根本发展思路关键问题的相互关系,更好地讲清楚"现代中国"的历史方位和价值追求,体现中国的文明自慎,防Since the last decade or so,the "China Model" has become a popular concept in the Western and international community to discuss China’s development and build China’s national image.However,China tries to avoid this concept in its internal and external communication.The interpretation power of this concept therefore has been handed over to the West.Western assessment towards it has been roughly divided into three types.The first type is to acknowledge it and adopt a positive attitude towards it;the second one is to acknowledge it,but to adopt a negative attitude towards it with fierce criticism,especially to treat it as a challenge and threat of the so-called "Western model".The third one is to deny the existence of the "China model" and arrogantly believe that China is not worthy of a development model.Accurate understanding and correct response to the Western evaluation of the "Chinese model" needs to be started from the perspective of communication among civilizations.The assessment of the "China model" by Western Countries is fundamentally based on their own specific ideology and civilized standpoints,and is the product of the world-historical view of Big-Power competition and the clash of civilizations,which shows both its extremely conceited sense of civilized superiority and its strong anxiety of civilization decline.In this communication context,China should use the concept of "China model" in its external communication with pro-activeness and precision.The application of this concept in China’s international communication is not only for the needs to response to international discourse and to compete for the right of interpreting the "China model",but also for the demands of telling the "China Story" clearly and the demonstration of the civilized self-confidence.The concept of "China model" can not only cover the confidence in its path,guiding theories,and political system,but also the necessity of intrinsic logic and direction of China’s development based on deeper cultural factors.It clearly sh

关 键 词：文明传播 中国模式 中国故事 话语权 文明对话世界史观 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]