《秦始皇本纪》的灾异记录及其特点  

On Disaster Records in The Biography of Emperor Qin Shihuang and Their Characteristics

作　　者：王泽 WANG Ze(School of Chinese Classics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2019年第5期29-35,43,共8页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目:秦统一及其历史意义再研究(项目编号:14ZDB028)

摘　　要：修订本《史记》秦王政十二年(前235)“天下大旱六月,至八月乃雨”的断句,当改从旧本,作“天下大旱,六月至八月乃雨”,理解为“三月不下雨”。这样符合史书的灾异书写习惯。《秦始皇本纪》的灾异记录,数量多、占比高、纯记灾异,与《史记》的书写习惯有很大区别。从历史编纂的角度看,这与原始材料的形态、史家的筛选去取有关。《本纪》或同时有司马谈、迁父子的创作,由此留下了不同风格的灾异记录,也是值得考虑的因素。In the revised edition of Records of the Grand Historian, the clause of “Heavy Drought in June and Rain in August” in the twelfth year of Qin Shihuang’s reign (235 BC) should be changed to the same as old edition “Heavy Drought, Rain in June and August”, which is understood as “No Rain in Three Months”.Only in this way can it conform to the writing habits of historical books.The records of disasters in The Biography of Emperor Qin Shihuang are large in number, high in proportion and pure in recording, which is quite different from the writing habits of Records of the Grand Historian.From the perspective of historical compilation, it is related to the form of original materials and the choice of historians.Perhaps because Sima Qian and his father Sima Tan wrote the book Records of the Grand Historian at the same time, they left different styles in disaster records, which is also a factor worth considering.

关 键 词：《秦始皇本纪》 灾异 书写习惯 历史编纂 

分 类 号：K233[历史地理—历史学]