出行者信息类型偏好对其路径选择行为影响研究  

Impacts of Traffic Information Type Preference on Urban Travelers’ Route Choice

作　　者：刘凯 周晶[2] 毕秀霞[2] 张俊婷 LIU Kai;ZHOU Jing;BI Xiuxia;ZHANG Junting(School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts andTelecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China;School of Management and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;School of Management, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学管理学院,南京210003 [2]南京大学工程管理学院,南京210093 [3]安徽大学管理学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2019年第5期71-77,共7页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71571097);安徽高校人文社会科学研究重点项目(SK2018A0025)资助

摘　　要：城市交通系统本质上是由大量个体出行行为聚集形成的宏观系统,对于城市交通管理者而言,研究微观个体出行者的自身内在因素以及一些外在因素对其选择行为的影响,是制定相关有效管理措施的前提。通过RP调查方法,获取了城市交通出行者个体属性(性别、年龄和驾龄)、信息类型偏好(描述性信息和规范性信息)以及路径选择偏好(最短路径、可接受路径以及固定路径)数据。基于调查数据,研究构建了城市交通出行者信息类型偏好对其路径选择行为影响的结构方程模型,通过对模型的拟合分析,探讨了城市交通出行者的个体属性及信息类型偏好,对其路径选择偏好的影响。研究发现,城市交通出行者个体属性间的差异,使得他们偏好于不同类型的交通信息,有着不同的路径选择行为;描述性信息能够使得城市交通出行者更加倾向于选择最短出行路径,而规范性信息能够使得城市交通出行者更多地打破其固定路径选择行为;但是在交通信息影响下,仍有部分出行者倾向于选择固定路径,即使该固定路径并非是最优出行路径。文中相关研究结果有助于交通管理者更好地去预测,在交通信息影响下不同类型出行者的路径选择行为变化情况。Urban transportation system is essentially made of a large number of individuals′ travel choice behaviors. Thus, for urban transportation managers, studying internal and external factors on travelers′ route choice behaviors is the base and premise to make management measures. A Revealed Preference survey (RP) is used to collect social demographic characteristics of travelers (e.g. sex, age, and driving years), information type preference (e.g. descriptive information and prescriptive information), and route choice behaviors (e.g. shortest route, accept route, and inertial route). Based on the collected data, a structural equation modeling is developed to analyze social demographic characteristics travelers, and how information type preference influences their route choices behaviors. The model fitting results show that differences between travelers′ social demographic characteristics make them prefer different types of traffic information, and have different route choice behaviors. Under impacts of descriptive traffic information, travelers prefer to choose the shortest route. While under impacts of prescriptive traffic information, travelers tend to give up their anchored routes. However, there are still travelers still choosing their anchored routes even traffic information suggests the anchored route is not the optimal route. The empirical results can help to forecast effects of traffic information on travelers′ route choices.

关 键 词：城市交通 路径选择行为 信息类型偏好 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]