垃圾填埋场厌氧水解菌降解蛋白质底物实验  

FERMENTATION OF PROTEIN SUBSTRATE INOCULATED WITH A PURE ANAEROBIC HYDROLYSIS BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM A LANDFILL IN BEIJING

作　　者：徐亮 邵岩 夏孟婧[2] 刘心怡 李振山[1] XU Liang;SHAO Yan;XIA Meng-jing;LIU Xin-yi;LI Zhen-shan(Beijing Engineering Research Center for Advanced Wastewater Treatment,College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;International College,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院北京市新型污水深度处理工程技术研究中心,北京100871 [2]北京农学院国际学院,北京102206

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第10期168-173,115,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAJ07B04);国家自然科学基金项目(91647211)

摘　　要：采用Hungate厌氧滚管技术,从生活垃圾填埋场中分离纯化出1株厌氧水解菌,接种于酪蛋白底物中进行水解发酵实验,研究其发酵产物(挥发性有机酸醇)和主要类别的挥发性有机物(VOCs)的动态变化规律。结果表明:筛选出的菌株为Sporanaerobacter acetigenes,其可生长温度为20~45℃(最适为37℃),可生长p H为5.0~9.0(最适为8.0)。8种发酵产物中,乙酸的占比最高(为39.0%),且发酵产物浓度变化曲线呈现出2种类型:Monod型和S型,后者是一种新发现的浓度变化曲线类型。确认了44种VOCs,包括脂类、含硫化合物、烷烃、醇类、烯烃、酸类、萜类、脂环烃、含氮化合物、酮类和芳香烃11类,其中10种VOCs在填埋场现场监测中也有发现。实验发现主要恶臭污染物类别随着降解时间而发生变化:降解前期(0~60 h),主要恶臭污染物类别是脂类和烷烃,变化规律为显著升高后迅速下降,最后保持稳定;降解中后期(60 h之后),主要恶臭污染物类别是脂类、醇类和含硫化合物,其中醇类和含硫化合物浓度变化规律为慢速升高。蛋白质底物的单独降解实验,为掌握混合垃圾组分降解和产VOCs规律提供了参考。An anaerobic hydrolysis bacteria was isolated and purified from a municipal waste landfill at Beijing by Hungate anaerobic roll-tube technology,and then inoculated into the casein substrate in order to study the concentration dynamic of the fermentation products.The strain was identified as Sporanaerobacter acetigenes,which could grow at a temperature range of 20~45℃(preferred at 37℃)and a p H range of 5.0~9.0(preferred at 8.0).The fermentation products included 8 species of volatile organic acids and alcohols,among which the acetic acid was the highest proportion with 39.0%.The concentration change of fermentation products complied with 2 types of kinetic curve:Monod curve and S curve.The S curve was a new type observed in this study,whose mechanism was worthy to explore in future.Forty-four species of VOCs had been identified,including lipids,sulfur-containing compounds,alkanes,alcohols,olefin,acids,terpenes,aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbons,nitrogen-containing compounds,ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons.Ten species of VOCs were also found in landfill site.It was found that the main categories of odor pollutants changed with degradation time.In the early stage of the protein degradation(0~60 h),the main odorous pollutants categories were lipids and alkanes,and their dynamic changes were significantly increased first and then decreased rapidly,and finally remained stable.In the middle and late stages of protein degradation(after 60 h),the main odorous contaminant categories were lipids,alcohols,and sulfur-containing compounds,and the concentration of alcohols and sulfur-containing compounds showed a slow increasing trend.Experiment with single substrate could provide assistance to understand the degradation of complex wastes and production of VOCs.

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 菌株筛选 挥发性脂肪酸 S型曲线 挥发性有机物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]