影响早期胚胎发育的精子因素  

Contributions of spermatozoa to early embryogenesis

作　　者：周建腾 马慧 张贝贝[1] 史庆华[1] ZHOU Jian-teng;MA Hui;ZHANG Bei-bei;SHI Qing-hua(The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale,Hefei 230027)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学附一院生殖与遗传分院合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心

出　　处：《生殖医学杂志》2019年第11期1264-1270,共7页Journal of Reproductive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1000600);国家自然科学基金(31890780,31630050,31871514);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(WK2070080005,WK2070000135,WK2070000136)

摘　　要：精子除了为后代提供父源的单倍体基因组外,还在早期胚胎发育过程中发挥了重要的作用。证据表明,精子的遗传物质异常,例如DNA损伤和/或染色体非整倍性的增加会危害早期胚胎发育进程。除此之外,成熟精子独特的表观遗传特征和早期胚胎发育的关系也是一个迅速发展的领域,相关研究表明,精子DNA甲基化、组蛋白替换或/和修饰、精子染色质的高级结构、精子来源的中心体等在早期胚胎发育过程中发挥着重要的作用。因此,全面考察影响早期胚胎发育的精子因素,对于精子质量评估,提高优质胚胎率和人工辅助生殖的成功率,具有重要意义。Sperm play an important role in early embryonic development in addition to providing paternal haploid genomes.Evidence suggests that abnormalities in sperm genetic materials,such as DNA damage and/or chromosomal aneuploidy,can impair early embryonic development.In addition,the effects of the mature sperm s unique epigenetic features on early embryonic development have attracted a lot of research recently.Sperm DNA methylation,histone replacement and/or modifications,advanced structure of sperm chromatin and sperm centrosome have been reported to play important roles in early embryogenesis.Therefore,a comprehensive examination of sperm factors affecting early embryo development is of great significance for sperm quality assessment,improvement of high quality embryo rate and success rate of artificial assisted reproduction.

关 键 词：精子 早期胚胎发育 辅助生殖技术 表观遗传 

分 类 号：R394.1[医药卫生—医学遗传学]