稀土元素^(147)Pm、^(141)Ce、^(147)Nd的环境毒理研究  

Environmental Toxicology of Rare Earth Elements ^(147)Pm,^(141)Ce,^(147)Nd.

作　　者：陈祖义[1] 刘玉[2] 程薇[1] 章力干[1] 李辉信[3] 王元兴[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学理学院,江苏南京210095 [2]南京农业大学动物科技学院 [3]南京农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《农村生态环境》2002年第4期52-55,共4页Rural Eco-Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (396 70 417)

摘　　要：应用核素示踪技术研究了稀土元素的环境行为、生物富集性及其对动物性腺的影响。结果表明 :(1) 14 7Pm、14 1Ce和14 7Nd具有强吸附性 ,易在土壤和底泥中积累 ;(2 )供试的各生物对14 7Pm均具有明显的富集性 ;(3) 14 7Pm、14 1Ce和14 7Nd在动物体内脏器和组织间呈不均匀分布 ,在骨骼、骨髓、眼、大脑、心脏、脂肪和睾丸中残留量较高 ,且随剂量或摄入时间增加而增加 ,表现了明显的选择性蓄积。其中 ,骨骼对稀土元素的富集尤为突出 ;14 1Ce在眼中的蓄积高于其它脏器和组织 ;(4 )一次性腹腔注射剂量为 2 0 0mg·kg-1的Ce或Nd对小鼠性腺激素分泌具有明显的抑制作用 ,小鼠血清中睾酮或孕酮浓度比对照减少 ;虽然随饲料摄入 2 0 0和 80 0mg·(kg·d) -1的Ce ,对小鼠睾酮浓度没有明显影响 ,但精子畸形率升高。探讨了农业应用稀土的环境安全性 ,并就稀土农用提出了几点建议。The environmental behaviour,bioconcentration of rare earth elements and their effects on animal gonad were studied by means of radioisotope tracer.The results indicated:(1)The 147 Pm 141Ce and 147 Nd had strong adsorptivity in soil.So,they were hard to transfer and accumulate easily in soil.When in water body,they accumulated in sediment.(2)All the organisms under study showed apparent 147 Pm concentrating capabilities.(3)The residues of 147 Pm 141Ce and 147 Nd were unevenly distributed in the animal′s viscera and tissues.But,higher residues were found in bone,marrow,eye,brain,heart,adipose and testis,and their concentration increases with dosage and time,which shows selective accumulation.There were much higher concentration of RE in bone than in other viscera and tissues,and 141 Ce is the highest in eye.(4)With intraperitioneal dosing of Nd or Ce being 200 mg·kg -1,the gonadial hormone(testosterone or progesterone) concentration in the serum decreased significantly as compared with the control,showing apparent inhibition on gonadial hormone secretion in mice.However,with different dosages of Ce,200 and 800 mg·(kg·d) -1 added in feed,the testosterone concentration in serum made no significant difference,but the malformation rate of spermatozoon proves higher,and increased with feeding time and dosage.Based on the primary exploration on safety of agricultural use of RE for eco-environment,some suggestions are brought forth.

关 键 词：稀土元素 环境毒理 环境行为 生物富集性 钷 铈 钕 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]