印度尼西亚沿海村庄中的人口迁徙和捕捞活动  

Migration and Fishing in Indonesian Coastal Villages

作　　者：Randall A.Kramer Sahat M.H.Simanjuntak Christopher Liese 林宝法 

机构地区：[1]迪克大学尼古拉环境与地球科学学院 [2]印度尼西亚茂物农业大学 [3]迪克大学

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2002年第4期367-372,共6页

摘　　要：东南亚的沿海生态系统正处于来自局部和全球变化增长的压力下。本文研究了印度尼西亚北苏拉威西省米纳哈萨区沿海村庄中的人口迁徙和海洋资源利用情况。原始数据是通过对村庄领导人、重点人群的采访以及600个捕鱼家庭的抽样调查收集的。在过去10年经济增长总量中至少有1/4应归功于人口迁徙。所有渔民团体都报道说近岸渔业生产力正在下降。经济计量学分析被用来研究手工捕鱼部门的周渔获量。人口迁徙状态和社会经济变量看来不产生系统的影响,而渔捞能力(劳动力、渔船及渔具),专业化程度以及村庄地处遥远被认为确实与周渔获量大小有关系。The coastal ecosystems in Southeast Asia are under increased pressure from local and global change. This paper examines human migration and the use of marine resources in coastal villages in the Minahasa district of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Primary data were collected through interviews with village leaders, focus groups, and a sample survey of 600 fishing households. Migration is responsible for at least one quarter of the total growth during the past decade. All groups of fishermen report falling productivity of the nearshore fisheries. Econometric analysis is used to examine the weekly fish catch of the artisanal fishing sector. Migration status and socioeconomic variables seem to have no systematic effect, while fishing effort (labor, boat, and gear), the degree of specialization, and the remoteness of markets are found to be positively related to weekly fish catches.

关 键 词：印度尼西亚 人口迁徙 捕捞活动 海洋资源利用 沿海生态系统 生产力 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]