4种国产兰属植物的核型比较研究  

Studies on karyotypes of four species of Cymbidium in China

作　　者：李玉阁[1] 郭卫红[2] 吴伯骥[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学生命科学学院,开封475001 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2002年第6期1438-1444,T008,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：四川天源国兰生物科技有限公司和同心兰园研究开发项目

摘　　要：首次报道了 4种国产兰属植物建兰 (C.ensifolium(L.) Sw.)、墨兰 (C.sinense(Jack-sn ex Andr.) Willd.)、珍珠矮 (C.nanulum Y.S.Wu et S.C.Chen)、兔耳兰 (C.lancifoliumHook)的核型比较研究结果。具体如下 :兔耳兰为 2 n=2 x=38=2 8m+8sm+2 st(2 SAT) ,核不对称系数为 61 .2 2 % ,2 A型 ;建兰的核型公式为 2 n=2 x=40 =30 m+1 0 sm(2 SAT) ,核不对称系数为 59.1 5% ,2 B型 ;墨兰的核型公式为 2 n=2 x=40 =2 8m+1 0 sm+2 st,核不对称系数为 59.83% ,2 B型 ;珍珠矮为 2 n=2 x=40 =2 6m +1 0 sm+4st,核不对称系数为 62 .2 4 % ,2 B型。结合兰属植物若干稳定特化的形态学特征 ,讨论了兰属植物的核型进化。Four species of Cymbidium ,all cultivated plants of Chinese origin,are karyologically analyzed.Their karyotype formula and index of karyotypic asymmetry (As.k) are presented as follows: C.lancifolium Hook,2n= 2x=38=28m+8sm+2st(2SAT),As.k=61.22%; C.ensifolium (L.) Sw.,2n=2x=40=30m+10sm(2SAT),As.k=\{59.15%\}; C.sinense (Jacksn ex Andr.) Willd.,2n=2x=40=28m+10sm+2st,As.k=59.83%; C.nanulum Y.S.Wu et S.C.Chen,2n=2x=40=26m+10sm+4st,As.k=\{62.24%\}.According to Stebbins classification of karyotypic asymmetry,the karyotype of C.lancifolium belongs to '2A',that of other three belong to '2B'.Moreover,with some stably specialized traits in morphology,the evolution of karyotypes in Cymbidium were also discussed.

关 键 词：兰属植物 核型 比较研究 中国 

分 类 号：Q949.718.4[生物学—植物学]