儿童精细动作能力的发展及与其学业成绩的关系  

THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINE MOTORS AND THEIR RELATIONS TO CHILDREN'S ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

作　　者：李蓓蕾[1] 林磊[1] 董奇[1] Claes von Hofsten 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875 [2]Uppsala大学心理系

出　　处：《心理学报》2002年第5期494-499,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目 (3 972 5 0 10 )

摘　　要：研究了不同精细动作能力的发展、之间的内在联系及其与儿童学业成绩的关系。被试为 15 1名 4～ 8岁儿童以及 30名本科生。精细动作能力的测查包括线条填画任务、图形临摹任务以及筷子技能测验。结果发现 :(1)不同精细动作能力的发展速度从高到低依次为线条填画能力、图形临摹能力和筷子使用技能 ;(2 )筷子使用技能与线条填画、图形临摹能力都显著相关 ,线条填画能力和年龄对筷子使用技能具有显著预测作用 ;(3)不同学业成绩儿童在各类精细动作能力上都存在显著差异。本研究说明 ,较基本的精细动作能力是复杂工具性技能发展的基础 ,同时在小学低年级阶段 。Studied the development of different fine motors and the relationships among them, as well as their relations to children's academic achievement in elementary school Ss were 151 children aged from 4～8 and 30 university students The tasks testing the fine motors were test of drawing between lines, drawing copying and chopstick using skills The results indicated that: (1) The speed of the development of the abilities from high to low was ability of drawing between lines, drawing copying and chopstick using skills; (2) There were significant correlations between chopstick using skills and ability of drawing between lines, drawing copying Children's ability of drawing between lines and their age can significantly predict the levels of chopstick using skills (3) The children of high academic achievement in elementary school did better in all three fine motor tasks than those of low academic achievement The results suggested that the development of complex implemental skills must base on more fundamental fine motors At the same time, there is strong relation between low grade children's fine motor ability and their academic achievement in elementary school

关 键 词：儿童 精细动作能力 筷子使用技能特性 线条填画能力 图形临摹能力 学业成绩 儿童心理学 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] G449[哲学宗教—心理学]