马铃薯种质资源遗传多样性分析及杂交子代SRAP鉴定  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Hybrids Identification of Solanum tuberosum L.by SRAP Molecular Marker

作　　者：程永芳[1,2] 张明慧[1,2] 巩檑 杨琴 宋玉霞 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心,宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室,银川750002 [2]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2015年第8期1757-1765,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ13098;NZ14210);宁夏农林科学院科技创新先导资金项目(NKYJ-13-05;NKYG-14-05)共同资助

摘　　要：探讨马铃薯种质资源的遗传多样性并准确鉴定马铃薯杂交子代身份的真实性是马铃薯分子育种工作研究的重要内容。本研究基于SRAP分子标记分析54份马铃薯种质资源遗传多样性,并对'青薯7号(♀)'×'陇薯3号(♂)'杂交组合的50个杂种F1单株进行分子鉴定。结果表明:(1)从88对引物组合中筛选出12对主带清晰、条带丰富、多态性好的引物组合,对54份马铃薯种质资源的遗传多样性进行分析;共扩增出谱带215条,其中多态性条带180条,多态性比率为83.72%,多态性较高。(2)通过UPGMA法对54份马铃薯种质材料聚类分析显示,54份供试材料品种间遗传相似系数为0.55~0.83,平均为0.61;在遗传相似性系数0.645 6处,可将54份种质资源分为6大类群,包括5个复合组和1个独立类;54份马铃薯种质材料物种水平多样性条带百分率(PPB)为83.72%、Shannon多样性信息指数(I)为0.502 8±0.185 7、Nei’s基因多样度指数(H)为0.335 5±0.148 1、平均每个位点上的观察等位基因数(Na)为1.990 7±0.096 2、平均每个位点的有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.565 1±0.323 2。这些结果说明,供试马铃薯品种间的遗传多样性相对丰富,遗传差异较大。(3)应用两个亲本之间17对具有父本特征条带的SRAP引物对'青薯7号(♀)'×'陇薯3号(♂)'杂交组合的50个杂种F1代进行子代真实性分子鉴定,初步判定所有杂种F1均为真实的杂交种。本研究结果可为马铃薯亲本的筛选及杂交子代早期鉴定提供理论数据和技术参考。To investi gate the genetic diversity and relationships of Solanum tuberosum L. germplasm and authenticity identification of hybrid offspring are important work in potato molecular breeding. SRAP markers were used to analyse the genetic diversity and genetic background and relationship of 54 potato germplasm. A total of 50 individual F1 hybrids derived from the hybrid combination of'Qingshu No.7(♀)'×'Longshu No.3(♂)'were identified for their authenticity using the SRAP molecular markers. The results showed that:(1) 12 pairs of primers generated clear,reproducible and polymorphic bands were selected from 88 pairs combinations of SRAP primers.Totally,12 primer pairs generated 215 clear bands and 180 showed polymorphism. The polymorphism ratio was83.72%. This result indicated that all primers share a high rate of polymorphism.(2) The clustering dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA method. Genetic similarity coefficient of 54 potato varieties strains ranged from 0.55 to 0.83 with an average of 0.61. At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.645 6,54 potato varieties were divided into six groups,including five composite groups and one independent class. At the species level,percentage of polymorphic bands(PPB) is 83.72%,Shannon information index(I) is 0.497 7±0.185 7,Nei's gene diversity(H)is 0.331 1±0.148 1,the mean observed number of alleles(Na) is 1.990 7±0.096 2,effective number of alleles(Ne)is 1.565 1±0.323 2. The result of cluster analysis showed that the genetic diversity of the tested potato materials varied widely and the genetic difference was wide.(3) Authenticity of hybrid from the combination of'Qingshu No.7(♀)'×'Longshu No.3(♂)'were identified using the 17 pairs SRAP molecular markers with male marker bands. The results showed that all the 50 individuals of F1 hybrids were identified as true hybrids. In this study,the results can provide theoretical data and technical reference for screening and early identification of potato hybrid offspring and selection of parents in breeding.

关 键 词：马铃薯 SRAP标记 遗传多样性分析 子代鉴定 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]