供应链分销系统优化及仿真  

Optimization and simulation of distribute systems in a supply chain

作　　者：王迎军[1] 高峻峻[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学工商管理学院,沈阳110004

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2002年第5期79-84,共6页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：中国博士后基金资助项目

摘　　要：研究多个制造商多个分销商组成的分销系统 ,综合考虑库存成本、订货成本、运输成本和缺货成本 ,建立了较为全面的分销网络成本模型 ,以分销商满足市场需求时的服务水平作为优化问题的约束条件 ,求解成本优化问题 .然后 ,给出了求解上述最优订货量的方法 ,并用仿真方法分析了价格参数及订货比例系数对总成本的影响 .结论表明 :随着运价参数 b的降低 ,总成本下降幅度较大 ;分销商在地理位置方面的特征 ,会影响分销商在不同供应商之间的最优订货比例 ,该比例不是越大越好 ,也不是越小越好 。In this paper, a multi manufacturer multi distributor system is studied. By synthesizing inventory cost, ordering cost, transit cost as well as shortage cost, a comprehensive cost model of distribute systems is established under the restriction of service level, on which the distributor satisfies the market. Hence, the cost minimization problem is solved, and the optimal ordering quantities are calculated for the aforementioned scenarios. Furthermore, simulation results of the cost model on the pricing parameter and the ordering rate parameter are proposed. In detail, the total cost will decrease relatively fast when the pricing parameter, b , decreases. The geographic characteristic of the distribute system will influence the optimal ordering rate between the suppliers. The optimal ordering rate is a medium number, rather than the biggest or the smallest.

关 键 词：供应链 分销系统 需求不确定 最小成本模型 仿真 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]