3流4D连通性生态模型  

Three types flows via four dimensional connectivity ecological model

作　　者：董哲仁[1] 赵进勇[1] 张晶[1] DONG Zheren;ZHAO Jinyong;ZHANG Jing(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2019年第6期134-141,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501030);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51509271)

摘　　要：为了改善河湖水系间的物理连通关系和水力关系,从理论上系统描述河湖水系连通性特征概况,回顾了连通性相关生态模型的发展沿革,分析了河流在三个几何维度上的连通性特征,并阐述了以水为载体的物质流、物种流和信息流在三维空间流动的生态影响。在此基础上,从生态系统的结构、功能和过程出发,提出了3流4D连通性生态模型及其参数和判据,用以系统、整体地概括描述河湖水系连通性的生态学机理。结果表明,3流4D连通性生态模型一方面可以通过建立参照系统和分级系统对河湖水系连通性现状进行评估;另一方面可以对连通的生态过程进行仿真模拟计算,对河湖水系连通性特征进行模拟和分析,促使河湖水体恢复天然的水文及其伴随过程节律及生态系统功能,提高水生态修复工程的科学性和可靠性,达到改善水生态系统整体性、保障生态系统服务功能的目的。To improve the physical connectivity and hydraulic relationship between rivers and lakes,describe the connectivity characteristics theoretically and systematically,the development of related connectivity ecological models is reviewed.The connectivity characteristics are analyzed on three spatial dimensions,which are flows from upstream to downstream in the lengthways,the flood overflow in lateral,and flows exchange between surface water and groundwater in vertical respectively.The ecological impacts of the material flow,species flow and information flow in three spatial dimensions are discussed.Based on the above analysis,considering the structures,functions and processes of ecosystem,three types flows via 4D connectivity ecological modelisproposed to summarize the connectivity mechanism of river and lake system integratedly.The parameters of connectivity ecological model and the criterion to determine the transition of different connectivity conditions areput forward.The result shows that,three types flows via 4D connectivity ecological model can be used to evaluate the connectivity status of rivers and lakes by establishing a reference system and a grading system.On the other hand,it can be used to simulate and calculate the connectivity characteristics and the ecological processes,which will promote the restoration of natural hydrological processes and the relevant ecosystem functions,improve the scientificity and reliability of water ecological restoration projects,and improve the integrity of aquatic ecosystems and ensure the service functions of ecosystems.

关 键 词：连通性 物质流 物种流 信息流 生态模型 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]