应用遗传算法对伐木头打枝刀形状的优化设计  

Shape Optimization Design of Harvest Head Knife Based on Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：李鹏鹏 刘晋浩[1] Li Pengpeng;Liu Jinhao(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2019年第8期93-96,102,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“战略性国际科技创新合作”重点专项(2016YFE0203400)

摘　　要：为解决伐木头时出现的由于打枝刀的形状不合理而产生的木材损坏、进料不畅等问题,分析了打枝刀的工作状态,据此建立了评价刀形力学性能的目标函数。应用遗传算法求得了使目标函数取值最大的刀形曲线,应用Solidworks建立了虚拟实验装置,导入了Ansys Workbench中,通过结构分析的方法确定了符合实际情况的实验参数。以优化后的刀形为实验组,以工程设计中常用的两种刀形为对照组,应用有限元进行了静力学分析,得到了相同压力下3种刀形分别使110、120、130 mm 3种不同直径的木材产生的形变。试验发现3种刀形对较小直径的木材影响差别不明显,但是优化刀对直径较大的木材产生的形变显著小于其他刀形,这种情况下木材受损风险明显降低。结果表明:优化刀形对各种树径的木材的伤害较小,尤其对于树径较大的木材有更加明显的力学性能优势。In order to solve the problem of wood damage and poor feeding caused by unreasonable shape of the branching knife,we analyzed the working condition of the branching knife,and established an objective function to evaluate the mechanical properties of the knife.We used the genetic algorithm to obtain the shape curve that maximize function value and Solidworks to establish a virtual experimental device,imported the experimental device into Ansys Workbench,and analyzed the structural to make the experimental parameters more realistic.The shape curve obtained by genetic algorithm is the experimental group.The two types of knife commonly used in engineering design are used as the control group.The static analysis is carried out by using finite element method.We obtained deformations of three different diameters of 110,120 and 130 mm for three different shapes,in the test we find that there is no significant difference in the effect of the three forms on small diameter wood,but the optimized knives produce significantly less deformation to large diameter wood than other knives.The optimized knife has less damage to the wood of various diameters than the common knife shape,especially for the wood with larger diameter.

关 键 词：优化设计 遗传算法 伐木头 林业机械 有限元分析 

分 类 号：S7776.276[农业科学—森林工程]