北京市大兴区建筑工人超重及膳食状况调查  

Overweight and dietary status among construction workers in Daxing district of Beijing

作　　者：巩俐彤 常春[1] 曹晓琳[2] 黄浩[2] GONG Li-tong;CHANG Chun;CAO Xiao-lin;HUANG Hao(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Daxing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,100191 [2]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心,102600

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2019年第4期195-198,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的调查北京市大兴区建筑工人超重及肥胖情况,探讨膳食现状及其对体重的影响。方法采用整群抽样方法,在大兴区25家建筑企业中随机抽取3家,并对所有建筑工人进行个体问卷调查。结果建筑工人超重肥胖率为36.4%,每天摄入谷类和蔬菜的比例较高,分别占80.5%和78.0%,但是每天摄入鱼虾类、奶类、奶制品的比例较低,分别占调查对象总数的16.7%、20.8%和18.4%。建筑工人对于“肥胖容易引起什么疾病”、“静坐式生活方式容易引起什么疾病”、“控制食油用量预防哪种疾病最有效”和“BMI超过多少属于肥胖”的知晓率分别为41.8%,11.0%,30.6%和11.0%。年龄是超重和肥胖的危险因素,而每天摄入鱼虾类是超重和肥胖的保护性因素。结论建筑工人整体健康知识知晓情况比较低,膳食结构不够合理,需要加强食物种类多样性的健康教育。Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among construction workers in Daxing district,Beijing,and explore the dietary status and its effect on the body weight.Methods Cluster sampling was used,three of the 25 construction enterprises in Daxing district were randomly selected.And then a questionnaire survey was carried out to all construction workers individually.Results The overweight and obesity rate was 36.4%.The proportion of daily intake of cereals and vegetables was high,which was80.5%and 78.0%respectively,while the proportion of daily intake of fish and shrimp,milk and dairy products was lower,which was 16.7%,20.8%,18.4%respectively.The awareness rate of"What kinds of diseases does obesity cause","What kinds of diseases does sedentary lifestyle cause","What kinds of diseases could be prevented most effectively by controlling the amount of cooking oil intake"and"What is the threshold of BMI for obesity"were 41.8%,11.0%,30.6%,and 11.0%respectively.Older age was the risk factor for overweight and obesity,but daily intake of fish or shrimp was the protective factor for overweight and obesity.Conclusions The overall health knowledge of construction workers is relatively low.And their dietary pattern was unreasonable.Therefore,the health education on the diversity of food species should be enhanced.

关 键 词：超重 饮食情况 建筑工人 

分 类 号：R155.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]