考虑主子结构动力相互作用的变电站抗震性能分析  

Seismic behavior of substation considering dynamic interaction on the main structure and substructure

作　　者：文波[1,2] 张路[1,2] 牛荻涛 苏丽[1,2] WEN Bo;ZHANG Lu;NIU Ditao;SU Li(State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2019年第16期166-173,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51590914;51578450);陕西省建设科技计划项目(2015-K145);创新团队发展计划(IRT_17R84)

摘　　要：为研究存在复杂体型和较大质量的电气设备的变电站结构抗震性能,进行了1:8的缩尺模型振动台试验,获得了结构体系在地震作用下考虑主子结构动力相互作用的整体抗震性能与结构破坏模式,同时建立了有限元数值模型对比分析试验结果。结果表明:①振动台试验模型的动力特性和地震响应结果与有限元数值模拟分析结果相一致,验证了考虑主子结构动力相互作用数值模拟模型的正确性;②带有复杂设备的变电站结构在地震作用下破坏形态与常规结构不同,电气设备的存在导致其支撑框架柱破坏现象明显,抗震设计时应采取适当的措施避免结构发生“强梁弱柱”失效模式;③大震作用下设备和结构相互作用明显,在依据抗震设计规范进行剪力计算时,应采用规范计算值的1.2倍;④电气设备的动力放大系数均大于所在楼层的动力放大系数值,其比值在1.2~1.4,超过了相应规范规定的数值,应予以重视。该变电站振动台试验与有限元模拟分析对类似生命线工程及带有复杂设备的工业建筑的抗震设计具有重要借鉴意义和参考价值。A 1/8 scale model on shaking table test was constructed to study the seismic performance of a transformer substation with complex shape and large quality equipment based on the mechanism of dynamic interaction between the main structure and substructure.And then overall seismic performance and failure mechanisms of the structural system were obtained with considering the dynamic interaction among the primary-secondary system under the seismic action.Meanwhile,a numerical model was built to comparatively analyze the test results.The results show that there are little errors about dynamic characteristics and seismic response between shaking table test and the numerical simulation model;therefore,the validity of the numerical simulation was verfied.The failure modes of substation structure are different from those of other structures,and the damage of frame column is evident because of the sophisticated electrical equipment.The construction measures are strengthened to avoid the‘strong beam-weak column’failure mode.There is an obvious interaction between equipment and structure during severer earthquake.Therefore,when calculating shear force in seismic design,it should be taken as 1.2 times of what is obtained from a non-interaction model.The dynamic magnification factor of electrical equipment is quantitatively evaluated and the value exceeds the standard specification.Meanwhile seismic response of equipment is more intense than the floor and the ratio is 1.2—1.4.

关 键 词：动力相互作用 变电站 振动台试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]