群体极化还是协商调和？——维基百科“Islamophobia”词条实证研究  

Group Polarization or Collaboration: A Case Study of the Article “Islamophobia” on Wikipedia

作　　者：尚闻一 车尚锟 SHANG Wenyi;CHE Shangkun

机构地区：[1]北京大学信息管理系

出　　处：《图书馆论坛》2019年第9期71-81,共11页Library Tribune

摘　　要：网络技术发展促进了网络空间中的多元对话,也引发了群体极化等问题。以维基百科为代表的在线协作书写社群提供了一种协商机制,对网络用户的意见形成与演变有重要影响。文章选取维基百科词条“Islamophobia”(伊斯兰恐惧症)这一极具争议性的词条进行实证研究,构建训练模型判断讨论页中文本的情感倾向并分析其变化;构建编辑用户的社会网络并进行互惠性关系分析和社群发现及其相似性计算。研究结果表明:维基百科这一词条的讨论微观上趋向激化、宏观上趋向缓和,编辑关系则整体趋向协调。初步证明维基百科的在线协作书写机制有利于促进不同观点对话,在观点交锋中达成协商调和。The development of network technology has promoted multidimensionaldiscussions in cyber space,but it has also caused problems such as opinion polarization.Online collaborative writing communities provide a negotiation mechanism that has an impact on the formation and development of web user opinions.Among which Wikipedia is a typical example.Selecting ahighly controversial article“Islamophobia”from the English Wikipedia as an example,this paper builds a training model to judge the emotional tendency of the text in the“talk page”,analyzes changes,and constructs a social network among the editors for analyzing their mutual relationship and discoveringtheir communities and proximities.The result shows that opinions of this controversial topic tend to be more divided on the micro level,but getcloser on the macro level.Moreover,the editorial relationship is less than confrontational.It is suggested that Wikipedia’s online collaborative writing mechanism is conducive to striking a balanceamong different views and achieving a convergence of conflicting opinions.

关 键 词：维基百科 群体极化 在线协作书写 计算社会科学 数据挖掘 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]