工作记忆训练对智障儿童认知康复的促进作用  

Promotion of Working Memory Training on Cognitive Rehabilitation in Intellectual Disability Children

作　　者：黄赛[1] 缪素媚 张豹[1] 任杰[1] HUANG Sai;MIAO Su-mei;ZHANG Bao;REN Jie(School of Education,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学教育学院

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2019年第4期758-761,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金“工作记忆的执行功能训练对提升轻中度智障儿童认知能力的影响研究”（项目编号：19YJC880035）;广州大学新进优秀青年博士培养计划项目（YB201705）;电子游戏促进认知发展及特殊教育应用（201604XSTD）;广州大学教学立项项目：特殊教育学专业建设与发展规划研究（JY201605）的资助

摘　　要：智障儿童是特殊儿童的主要群体之一,由于认知功能障碍和适应行为受损,使其终身都需要支持和干预。对近年来采用工作记忆训练的方法来改善智障儿童的认知功能和行为的研究进行综述。计算机化的工作记忆训练确实能促进智障儿童的认知功能康复,但其训练效果受并发疾病、智力受损程度、训练方式、任务的难度水平及其所诱发的动机水平等因素的影响。未来的研究应加强训练任务的多样化与效果评估的多元化,以及在特殊教育中的应用。Children with intellectual disability(ID) are one of the main group of special educational children. Because of the cognitive dysfunction and impaired adaptive behavior, they need to be supported and intervened in lifetime. We reviewed the recent studies with respect to the WM training to improve the cognitive function and behavior on ID children.Working memory training promotes their rehabilitation of cognitive function. However, the training effect is determined by several factors, such as the concurrent disease, the degree of intellectual impairment, the methods of training, the difficulty of the task and the level of motivation. Up to now, the studies of working memory training on ID children is still under the exploratory stage. There are still some academic controversies, such as the effectiveness of training methods, the cognitive mechanism of training, the sustainability of training effect, the methods of assessing. In future, it is necessary to develop a wider variety of training tasks, to enhance the effectiveness of assessment index, and strengthen the application in educational practice.

关 键 词：智障儿童 工作记忆训练 认知康复 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]