施锌对冬小麦亚细胞镉分布和镉化学形态的影响  

Influence of zinc on the subcellular fractions and chemical forms of cadmium in winter wheat

作　　者：路育茗 聂兆君[1] 刘红恩[1] 高巍[1] 秦世玉 李畅 扶海超 赵鹏[1] LU Yuming;NIE Zhaojun;LIU Hongen;GAO Wei;QIN Shiyu;LI Chang;FU Haichao;ZHAO Peng(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2019年第4期503-511,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800300)

摘　　要：为深入了解施锌(Zn)对冬小麦镉(Cd)吸收的影响,本研究选冬小麦品种矮抗58,试验共设置了2个Cd水平(0、5μmol·L^-1)和4个Zn水平(0、2、8和15μmol·L^-1),通过营养液试验,研究了施Zn对Cd胁迫下冬小麦Cd吸收、亚细胞分布和化学形态的影响。结果表明,冬小麦的生物量随Cd浓度的增加而降低,而Zn能够减轻Cd对冬小麦生物量的毒害作用。同时,根和地上部Cd含量随Zn浓度提高而降低。另外,施Zn显著降低了冬小麦幼苗各个亚细胞组分的Cd含量,增加了冬小麦根中1 mol·L^-1 NaCl提取态和体积分数2%醋酸提取态Cd的含量。在Cd浓度为5μmol·L^-1,Zn浓度为2和8μmol·L^-1时,冬小麦地上部细胞壁和可溶性部分Cd所占的比例增加;在Cd浓度为5μmol·L^-1,Zn浓度为8和15μmol·L^-1时,冬小麦根部细胞壁和可溶性部分Cd所占的比例增加。冬小麦地上部去离子水提取态Cd所占比例随Zn浓度增加而降低,体积分数2%醋酸提取态Cd所占比例随Zn浓度增加而增加。因此,施Zn通过调节冬小麦亚细胞Cd分布和Cd的化学形态,促进了冬小麦体内活性Cd向惰性Cd的转化,减轻了Cd对冬小麦的毒害效应,降低了冬小麦根部Cd的迁移能力。In order to study the effect of zinc(Zn)application on cadmium(Cd)uptake in winter wheat,the Aikang 58 was selected as experimental material.In this study,winter wheat seedlings were exposed to four Zn supply levels(0,2,8 and 15μmol·L^-1)and two Cd supply levels(0 and 5μmol·L^-1)in a hydroponic trial to investigate the influences of Zn supply on the absorption,subcellular fractions and chemical forms of Cd in winter wheat.Results showed that the biomass of winter wheat decreased with an increase of Cd concentration.Zn application could relievef the toxic effect of Cd on winter wheat biomass accumulation.Meanwhile,the Cd contents in roots and aerial parts decreased with the increase of Zn concentration.In addition,Zn application decreased Cd concentration in all subcellular fractions of the seedling,and enhanced the concentration of Cd in roots when extracted by 1 mol·L^-1 of NaCl and 2%of acetic acid.When the concentration of Cd was 5μmol·L^-1 and the concentrations of Zn were 2 and 8μmol·L^-1,the percentage of Cd in the cell wall and soluble fraction in aerial parts was increased.When the concentration of Cd was 5μmol·L^-1 and the concentrations of Zn were 8 and 15μmol·L^-1,the percentage of Cd in cell wall and soluble fractions of root cells was increased.With the increase of Zn application,the percentage of Cd in aerial parts extracted by deionized water was decreased,while those extracted by 2%acetic acid was increased.Therefore,by regulating the subcellular distribution and chemical form of Cd in winter wheat,Zn application could promote the transformation of active Cd into inert Cd to further alleviate the Cd toxic effect in winter wheat and reduce the Cd migration ability in winter wheat roots.

关 键 词：冬小麦 镉 锌 化学形态 亚细胞组分 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]