基于关键技术链的新能源汽车产业政策分解及政策效力测度  

New energy vehicle industry policy decomposition and policy effectiveness measurement based on key technology chain

作　　者：郭本海[1,2] 陆文茜 王涵 乔元东[1] 李文鹣 GUO Ben-hai;LU Wen-qian;WANG Han;QIAO Yuan-dong;LI Wen-jian(School of Management,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013,China;School of Economics and Management,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学管理学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国计量大学经济与管理学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2019年第8期76-86,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于超冲突均衡的技术密集型产业递阶式技术突破及其驱动机制研究”(批准号:71673119)，“中国光伏产业创新政策多向非均匀性叠加作用测度及其优化研究”(批准号:71573120);国家自然科学基金青年项目“新产品开发多团队系统中领导的效能机制研究——交互记忆系统为中介”(批准号:71601171);教育部人文社会科学研究项目“双积分政策下新能源汽车产业发展的‘政策悖论’信号识别及防范机制研究”(批准号:18YJA630056)

摘　　要：对2001—2017年新能源汽车产业政策进行梳理,选取具有代表性的40项政策,通过大量文献及专家意见,将产业政策大致分为规划引导、财税支持、技术规范及行政监管四类政策措施,基于新能源汽车26个关键技术链进行政策分解与匹配。在此基础上,测度在各关键技术环节产业政策措施间耦合协调度,并实证分析政策措施耦合协调度对新能源汽车产业创新绩效的影响。研究表明:中国新能源汽车产业政策存在“重整车、轻原材料、轻零部件”等失调现象,上下游技术水平不匹配制约了整车整体技术水平;新能源汽车产业政策系统协调情况对创新绩效有方向性差异,财税支持措施与技术规范、行政监管措施间的协调有待进一步加强,而规划引导政策、技术规范与行政监管耦合协调度对整体协调水平有负面影响,明显不利于新能源汽车产业创新绩效的提升。根据政策分析,现有政策对有效推动新能源汽车未来进一步技术发展所起作用有限,而未来的政策要在产业共性技术发展和核心技术突破方面提供更强有力的保障,实现产业的自主可控应成为未来政策调控的重要目标,故更需要注重在技术环节的均衡性和协调性并根据产业环境的变化而适时调整政策。This paper sorted out the new energy automobile industry policy from 2001 to 2017,selected 40 representative policies,and divided industrial policies into four categories:planning guidance,fiscal and tax support,technical regulation and administrative supervision through a large number of documents and expert opinions.Based on the 26 key technology chains of new energy vehicle,the policy decomposition was carried out.On this basis,this paper measured the coupling coordination degree of industrial policy,and empirically analyzed the influence on the innovation performance of new energy vehicle industry.The research showed that China’s new energy automobile industry policy had imbalance such as‘pay more attention to the whole vehicle manufacturing,less raw materials and key component’,the mismatch between the upstream and downstream technical levels restricted the overall technical level of the vehicle;the coordination of the new energy vehicle industry policy system had a directional difference in innovation performance,the coordination among fiscal and taxation support,technical specification and administrative supervision measures needed to be further strengthened,and the coupling coordination degree of planning guidance policy,technical specification and administrative supervision had negative influence on the overall coordination level,which was obviously not conducive to the improvement of the innovation performance of the new energy vehicle industry.According to the policy analysis,the existing policies have a limited effect on effectively promoting the further technological development of new energy vehicles in the future,and the future policy should provide stronger protection in the development of industrial common technology and breakthroughs in core technologies.Realizing the autonomy of the industry will become an important target for future policy regulation.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the balance and coordination of the technical links and adjust the policies in a timely manne

关 键 词：新能源汽车 关键技术链 政策分解 政策效力测度 

分 类 号：F276.44[经济管理—企业管理]