精神分裂症患者认知功能损伤的研究进展  

Research progress on cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

作　　者：杨康 杨晓敏[1] 鲍天昊[1] 阮冶[1] Yang Kang;Yang Xiaomin;Bao Tianhao;Ruan Ye(The Mental Health Center Affiliated to Kunming Medical University,The Mental Hospital of Yunnan,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学附属精神卫生中心云南省精神病医院

出　　处：《四川精神卫生》2019年第4期367-370,共4页Sichuan Mental Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会资助项目(81860236)

摘　　要：为进一步了解精神分裂症神经生物学机制并为未来的相关研究及诊疗提供新思路,故对精神分裂症认知功能损伤的研究进行综述。认知功能受损是精神分裂症的重要临床表现之一。目前使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)及精神分裂症认知功能成套测验共识版(MCCB)评定精神分裂症患者的认知功能均发现患者存在严重的工作记忆障碍。工作记忆是大脑前额叶皮质的主要功能之一,而纹状体突触前合成和分泌的多巴胺(DA)含量与认知功能损伤程度及前额叶皮质功能存在相关性。对认知功能损伤的治疗有助于改善精神分裂症患者的预后、减轻社会负担。目前已有多种治疗方式可供选择。We reviewed the research and findings on cognitive impairment in schizophrenia in order to understand its neurological mechanisms and provide new ideas for future research and diagnosis.Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia.In recent years,Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB)were used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia,and severe working memory impairment were found in all patients.Working memory is one of the main functions of the prefrontal cortex,and the amount of dopamine synthesized and released by the striatum is correlated to the degree of cognitive impairment and the function of the prefrontal cortex.The treatment of cognitive impairment may help to improve the prognosis of patients with schizophrenia,and reduce the social burden.Nowadays there are many treatment options available.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 认知功能 机制 治疗 评估 MOCA MCCB 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]