利他与利己动机下的欺骗行为  

Deceptive Behaviors Under the Altruistic and Egoistic Motivations: An ERP Investigation

作　　者：陆娟芝 廖冲 关青 罗跃嘉 崔芳 Lu Juanzhi;Liao Chong;Guan Qing;Luo Yuejia;Cui Fang(lCollege of Psychology and Sociology,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学心理与社会学院,深圳518060 [2]深圳市情绪与社会认知科学重点实验室,深圳518060

出　　处：《心理科学》2019年第4期905-912,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31871109)的资助

摘　　要：本研究探讨了利他和利己动机驱动下的欺骗行为在行为和神经机制上的差异,及不同强度利他动机之间的差异。行为结果发现,个体在利己动机下相比于利他动机下会更多地撒谎,且其在高利他与低利他动机下的撒谎程度显著正相关。ERP结果发现,在利己动机下,有机会撒谎比无机会撒谎条件诱发了更大的N2和更小的P3波幅;而在高、低利他动机下,有机会撒谎和无机会撒谎条件下诱发的波幅差异不显著。结合行为和ERP结果,我们得出这样的结论:基于利他动机和基于利己动机的欺骗行为存在本质上的不同,而不同强度水平的利他动机驱动下的欺骗行为之间则只存在量的差异。People tell lies not only for their own self-interests but sometimes also for helping others. Little is known about the ways in which different types of goals modulate behaviors and neural responses in deception. The present study investigated the behavioral and neural processes associated with spontaneous deception triggered by different levels of altruistic motivation(the charity project rated high or low on the willingness of help scale received the money the participants won in the game) and self-serving motivation(the participant got the money he/she won in the game). Twenty-four right-handed participants(12 males, age: 18.5 ± 0.8 years(mean ± s.e.)) participated in the present study. They were instructed to perform a coin-flip guessing task in which they could earn 5 RMB if they correctly predicted the outcome of a coin-flip and 0 RMB for an incorrect one. However, the distribution of the money they won was different in each block. In two of the three blocks, the money would be donated to a charity project with the highest/lowest rating on the "willingness to help scale" chosen by the participant him/herself before the task;In the last block, the participants would gain all of the money they won. The order of the blocks was counterbalanced among participants. In each block, at the half of the trials, the participants recorded their prediction by pressing a button before the coin-flip(they did not have the opportunity to lie without being caught;NoOp condition). In each NoOP trials, after a 1000 ms fixation, the Chinese Words ‘Shuzi’ and ‘Huawen’ would appear on each side of the screen for 3000 ms and the participants were instructed to record their prediction by pressing the button ‘F’ if they predicted ‘head’(" 数字 ") and the button ‘J’ if they predicted ‘tail’("花纹") for that particular trial. After pressing, the outcome of the coin flip would appear for 2000 ms. Then, the question ‘Correct?’ appeared on the next screen, the participants were instructed to indicate whet

关 键 词：利他动机 利己动机 欺骗事件 相关电位 N2 P3 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]