发达国家职业农民培育政策的演变及启示  

The Evolution of Farmer Cultivation Policy in Developed Countries and Its Enlightenment to Chinese Development

作　　者：周洁红[1] 魏珂 ZHOU Jiehong;WEI Ke

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2019年第8期138-144,共7页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“协调环境与质量安全治理的市场激励机制研究:以亲环境认证购买产品为例”(编号:71773109);教育部基地重大项目“城乡发展一体化背景下的新型农业经营体系构建研究”(编号:16JJD630007)

摘　　要：在农业现代化的进程中,发达国家都注重推动农民职业化的发展。本文按照资源禀赋条件的不同,以美国、法国、日本三个国家为例,分析了各国政府关于职业农民培育政策的演变趋势和经验。结合中国乡村振兴战略下农业劳动力短缺与农村劳动力过剩并存、农民的结构性分化日趋明显、新型职业农民培育的针对性和有效性不足、扶持政策落实不到位等问题,提出以下启示:以产业为核心、优化扶持资源配置,以需求为导向、分层优选分类精培,以制度为基础、规范健全培育机制。Based on the differences of resource endowment conditions,this paper takes the United States,France and Japan as examples to analyze the evolution trend and experience of the governments’policies on the cultivation of farmers.Combination under the strategy of rejuvenating our country agriculture Labour shortage and the rural labor surplus,farmers increasingly obvious structural differentiation,pertinence and effectiveness of the new peasants cultivation is not enough,the problem such as supporting policy implementation does not reach the designated position,get the following enlightenment:industry as the core optimization support resource allocation,demand-oriented hierarchical optimization classification of culture,system specification on the basis of the cultivation mechanism.

关 键 词：职业农民培育 农业政策 国际经验 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]