采用聚乳酸复合材料的汽车零件多材料优化设计  

Multi material optimal design of vehicle product using polylactic acid composites

作　　者：马芳武[1,2] 韩露 周阳[3] 王世英 蒲永锋 MA Fang-wu;H AN Lu;ZHOU Yang;WANG Shi-ying;PU Yong-feng(State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Qingdao Automotive Research Institute,Jilin University,Qingdao 266000,China;FAW Vehicle Development Department,Changchun 130031,China;China FAW Group CO.,LTD.Product Development and Research Center Vehicle Test Department,Changchun 130031,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022 [2]吉林大学青岛汽车研究院,山东青岛266000 [3]中国一汽轿车整车开发部,长春130031 [4]中国第一汽车集团有限公司研发总院试验所,长春130031

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2019年第5期1385-1391,共7页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0101601);吉林省省校共建计划专项项目(SXGJQY2017-2-1-5,SXGJQY2017-7)

摘　　要：以玄武岩纤维为增强材料,增强聚乳酸拉伸力学性能使其满足汽车非金属产品的力学性能要求,同时利用多材料方法设计产品,实现轻量化。首先研究了玄武岩纤维含量与其复合材料的关系,通过多材料设计方法并以零件的实际工况为设计条件对产品进行再设计。利用多岛遗传算法(MIGA)与遗传算法-响应面(GA-RSM)模型结合的优化方法寻求最优材料参数组合。结果表明:玄武岩纤维可提高聚乳酸的力学性能,GA-RSM模型在预测值时有较高的精确性,通过以上设计方法,使零件质量降低了9%。以上结果证明了聚乳酸复合材料可作为石油基材料的替代品应用到汽车产品研发中;多材料设计结合MIGA的方法可实现汽车产品轻量化。In this paper,basalt fiber was used to improve the tensile properties to satisfy the requirement in automotive design.Meanwhile,Multi material design was applied in this case to achieve lightweight.The relationship between the fiber weight and the tensile properties was studied.Operation condition was obtained from reliability test in the proving ground using as constraints in Multi material design.The optimal process with combination of Multi-island Genetic Algorithm(MIGA)and Genetic Algoritm—Response Surface Method(GA-RSM)was used to search the optimal solution.The results show that basalt fiber has positive effect on improving the tensile properties.With the Multi material design and optimal process,the mass of the product is reduced by near 9%.It can be concluded that PLA composites is suitable for replacing the petroleum based materials in automotive and lightweight can be achieved with the combination of multi material design and MIGA.

关 键 词：车辆工程 聚乳酸复合材料 多材料设计 多岛遗传算法 遗传算法-响应面模型 

分 类 号：U41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]