即时通讯软件的线上群组中用户参与行为及动机研究  

Research on User Participation Behavior and Motivation in Online Groups of Instant Messaging Software

作　　者：陈若愚 周佳[1] CHEN Ruo-yu;ZHOU Jia(Department of Industry Engineering,College of Mechanical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械工程学院工业工程系

出　　处：《人类工效学》2019年第4期1-5,20,共6页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：目的探索用户在即时通讯软件上的线上群组(微信群、QQ群等)中的参与行为差异及个人动机效用。方法采用问卷调查法回收了501份问卷,了解用户参与线上群组聊天的基本情况;采用访谈法对24名不同年级和专业的大学生进行访谈,运用NVivo对访谈数据进行开放式编码处理,对定性分析结果进行讨论。结果(1)个人动机中的信息需求是不同群组中用户参与行为的决定性动机,社交需求是次要动机,娱乐性和自我效能感是辅助动机;(2)在轻松语境下,通过增加互动满足社交需求,娱乐性是次要动机。向严肃语境转变后,用户通过减少互动避免冲突来满足社交需求,娱乐性的影响效用降低,自我效能感的影响效用提高;(3)线上和线下群组中,用户和陌生群组成员的交流互动存在差异。结论用户在不同线上群组和不同语境下的参与行为存在差异,且其影响因素的效用是动态变化的。本文有助于更好地理解用户在线上群组中的参与行为,为提升用户在线上群组中的参与度,使得更多的群组成员从中受益提供理论基础。Objective Explore the users'participation differences and personal motivation utility in online groups on instant messaging software(WeChat,QQ,etc.).Methods 501 online questionnaires were collected to understand the general participation behavior of users in online groups.Depth-interview were conducted with 24 university students of different grades and majors.The interview results were coded with Nvivo 11 software according to the grounded theory.Results(1)Users participated in online groups mainly for acquiring useful information,then for establishing and maintaining social relationships.Entertainment and self-efficacy also helped motivate participation.(2)Users post more to communicate with others to meet social needs in relax context,entertainment was the secondary motivation to participate in.However,in serious context,uses post less to avoid conflict with others to meet social needs.The utility of entertainment decreased while the self-efficacy's improved in the serious context.(3)There was a difference in interaction with unfamiliar members between the online and real-life groups.Conclusion Users'participation behaviors varied in different online groups and contexts,and the effects of their participating motivators were dynamic in various situations.This study helps better understand the participation behaviors of users in online groups and provide a theoretical basis for improving participation so that more group members can benefit from the online groups of instant messaging software.

关 键 词：通讯工程 组织行为 互动 即时通讯 线上群组 个人动机 微信 QQ群 

分 类 号：B841.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学] B842.6[哲学宗教—心理学]