外来种克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)对3种沉水植物的牧食研究  

Herbivory of the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii on three submerged macrophytes

作　　者：袁野 张尹哲 吕超超 马徐发[1,2,3] 夏成星 YUAN Ye;ZHANG Yinzhe;LV Chaochao;MA Xufa;XIA Chengxing(Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture,College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430070 [3]池塘健康养殖湖北省工程实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《生态科学》2019年第5期23-29,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31500293);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662015BQ038)

摘　　要：为探讨外来种克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)对沉水植物牧食的偏好性和牧食强度,采用投喂实验的方式,研究了3种沉水植物刺苦草(Vallisneria spinulosa)、轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)和伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)的适口性。结果表明,克氏原螯虾对轮叶黑藻的取食速率最大(7.24±0.24 mg·d^-1),其次是苦草(3.70±1.14 mg·d^-1),伊乐藻最小(0.60±0.12 mg·d^-1),说明伊乐藻的适口性最差,轮叶黑藻的适口性最好,苦草的适口性居中。3种沉水植物的纤维素、多酚含量和氮含量都没有显著性差异,而伊乐藻却具有更高的碳(C)含量和更高的碳氮比(C:N)。总体来说,3种沉水植物的物理结构、碳(C)含量和碳氮比(C:N)在外来种克氏原螯虾对沉水植物的牧食中具有重要的作用。This study investigated the palatability of three species(Vallisneria spinulosa,Hydrilla verticillata and Elodea nuttallii)by feeding test to figure out the feeding preferences and the grazing intensity of submerged macrophytes for invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii.Our results showed that the daily consumed biomass of crayfish on H.verticillata was the largest(7.24±0.24)mg·d^-1,followed by V.spinulosa(3.70±1.14)mg·d-1,and E.nuttallii(0.60±0.12)mg·d^-1,indicating that the palatability of E.nuttallii was the worst,H.verticillata was the best,and V.spinulosa was in the middle.Our findings suggested that the cellulose content,polyphenol content,and nitrogen content(N)of the three submerged macrophytes were not significant difference,but E.nuttallii had more C and higher C:N ratio.In a word,the content of physical characteristics,C and C:N ratio of the three submerged macropyhtes played an important role on the herbivory of crayfish on submerged macrophytes.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 沉水植物 牧食 适口性 碳氮比 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]