肾毒血清肾炎动物模型的造模方法及其免疫机制评述  

Review of nephrotoxic serum nephritis models and their immune mechanisms

作　　者：吕晶晶[1] 黄岩杰[1] 郭庆寅[1] 吴光华 杨晓青[1] LYU Jingjing;HUANG Yanjie;GUO Qingyin;WU Guanghua;YANG Xiaoqing(Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学第一附属医院儿科

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2019年第9期127-132,共6页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(18IRTSTHNO28);河南省自然科学基金资助项目(U170411182)

摘　　要：肾毒血清肾炎(nephrotoxic serum nephritis,NTSN)模型是将肾毒血清经静脉一次性注射免疫动物制备而成,主要用于研究免疫复合物介导的新月体肾炎。NTSN造模过程包含选择易感的实验动物(WKY大鼠、SD大鼠居多)、提取肾小球基底膜、制备肾毒血清、建立加速或非加速模型,方法繁琐,但病变典型。NTSN模型免疫机制相对复杂,其中体液免疫通过异体反应时相和自体反应时相,形成原位和循环免疫复合物,介导Ⅲ型超敏反应。细胞免疫也通过激活T淋巴细胞产生一系列炎症因子参与肾新月体的形成。本文主要针对NTSN模型的造模方法及其免疫机制进行评述。The nephrotoxic serum nephritis(NTSN)model is established by single intravenous injection of nephrotoxic serum in immunized animals and used to study immune complex-mediated crescent nephritis.The NTSN modeling process involves selecting susceptible experimental animals(mostly WKY rats and SD rats),extracting the glomerular basement membrane,preparing the nephrotoxic serum and establishing accelerated or non-accelerated models.The modeling method is complicated,and the renal lesion is representative.The immune mechanisms of the NTSN model are complex.Humoral immunity generates in situ and circulatory immune complexes via allogenic and autologous reaction phase and mediates type III hypersensitivity.Cellular immunity is also involved in the formation of renal crescent lesions by activating a series of inflammatory cytokines produced by T lymphocytes.This article mainly reviews the modeling method and the related immune mechanisms of the NTSN model.

关 键 词：肾毒血清肾炎 动物模型 造模方法 免疫机制 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]