北京市中考学生ALT异常的时空分布特征分析  

Spatial and temporal distribution of abnormal ALT among candidates for the high school entrance examination in Beijing

作　　者：王晓峬 郭秀花 WANG Xiao-pu;GUO Xiu-hua(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《预防医学》2019年第10期977-981,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的了解2009—2018年北京市中考学生谷丙转氨酶(ALT)异常的时空分布特征及影响因素,为预防和控制青少年ALT异常提供依据。方法通过北京市体检中心收集2009—2018年北京市全部中考学生体检资料,描述ALT异常率的时间、空间、人群分布特征;采用气泡地图描述2009—2018年ALT异常率的时空交互趋势;采用贝叶斯时空模型分析北京市中考学生ALT异常的影响因素。结果2009—2018年北京市中考学生共884 915人,ALT异常5 354例,异常率为0.61%,2009—2018年ALT异常率呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05)。男生ALT异常率为0.95%,高于女生的0.23%(P<0.05)。肥胖学生ALT异常率为5.09%,高于非肥胖学生的0.18%(P<0.05)。城区学生ALT异常率为0.70%,高于郊区学生的0.48%(P<0.05)。2009—2018年昌平区学生ALT异常率一直处于最高水平;顺义区和大兴区学生ALT异常率呈逐年增高趋势;海淀区、朝阳区和丰台区学生ALT异常率相对较高,密云区和平谷区学生ALT异常率相对较低,变化趋势均不明显。贝叶斯时空模型分析结果显示,地区男生百分比每增加1个单位,异常危险度增加5.706倍;地区肥胖百分比每增加1个单位,异常危险度增加8.679倍。结论2009—2018年北京市青少年学生ALT异常率逐年升高,昌平区、海淀区、朝阳区和丰台区学生ALT异常率相对较高,顺义区、大兴区有逐年升高趋势;男生、肥胖是ALT异常的影响因素。Objective To learn the temporal and spatial distribution of abnormalalanine aminotransferase(ALT)and its influencing factorsamong candidates for the high school entrance examination in Beijing,and to provide evidence for prevention of abnormal ALT in adolescents.Methods The physical examination data of the candidates in Beijing from 2009 to 2018 were collected from Beijing Physical Examination Center.The time,space and population distribution of abnormal ALT was analyzed;the time-space interaction trend of abnormal ALT was described by bubble map;and the Bayesian spatio-temporal model was built to explore the influencing factors of abnormal ALT in middle school students.Results Among 884 915 candidates,5 354 candidates had abnormal ALT,accounting for 0.61%.The rate of abnormal ALT showed an upward trend from 2009 to 2018(P<0.05).The rate of abnormal ALT was 0.95%in males and 0.23%in females,5.09%in obese candidates and 0.18%in non-obese ones,0.70%in urban area and 0.48%in rural area,and the differences between gender,obesity and residence were all statistically significant(P<0.05).From 2009 to 2018,the rates of abnormal ALT among the candidates in Changping District remained the highest;the rate in Shunyi District and Daxing District showed an increasing trend;the rates in Haidian District,Chaoyang District and Fengtai District were relatively high,the rates in Miyun District and Pinggu District were relatively low,while the trend of them were not obvious.The results of the Bayesian space-time model showed that the risk of abnormal ALT increased by 5.706 times for each unit increase of regional male percentage and increased by 8.679 times for each unit increase of regional obesity percentage.Conclusion The rate of abnormal ALT among candidates for the high school entrance examination in Beijing shows a upward trend.The rates of abnormal ALT among the candidates in Changping District,Haidian District,Chaoyang District and Fengtai District are relatively high,and the rates in Shunyi District and Daxing District ten

关 键 词：谷丙转氨酶 青少年 时间分布 空间分布 肥胖 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]